The fluid distribution as a function of height in transition zones is often very complex. This may be due to movement of water-oil contact, tilting of the reservoir at some point in time, leak of fluid out of the reservoir zone or complex inflow during secondary migration. The resultant fluid distribution seen in saturation logs may be difficult to model. In this paper we address the changes in...

avo as a known methodology is used to identify fluid type and reservoir lithology in subsurface exploration. method discussed in this paper, consists of three stages, including: direct modeling, inverse modeling and cross plot interpretation. by direct modeling we can clarify lithology or fluid dependent attributes. analysis performed using both p-p and p-sv attributes. inverse modeling deals w...

the source of cement in oilfields is critical to the prediction of the distribution of cements in the reservoirs and also prediction of reservoir quality. the source of mineral forming cements has been determined for the storrington oolitic carbonate reservoir (middle jurassic great oolite formation, weald basin, onshore uk) using a combination of petrography, electron microscopy, fluid inclusi...

Much recent work on automatic history matching and data assimilation has focused on the adjustment of simulator gridblock permeabilities and porosities. Here, we show that when production data are assimilated into reservoir models with the ensemble Kalman filter, it is relatively easy to account for uncertainty in the depths of the initial fluid contacts and provide estimates of these depths in...

One of the mostly used enhanced oil recovery methods is the injection of water or gas under pressure to maintain or reverse the declining pressure in a reservoir. Several parameters should be optimized in a fluid injection process. The usual optimizing methods evaluate several scenarios to find the best solution. Since it is required to run the reservoir simulator hundreds of times, the process...

Colloidal Gas Aphrons (CGA), consist of gas bubbles with diameters ranging from 10 to 100 micron, surrounded by a thin aqueous surfactant film. This fluid combines certain surfactants and polymers to create the systems of microbubbles. The function of surfactant in CGAs is to produce the surface tension to contain the aphrons. Also, a biopolymer needs to be considered in the formulation as ...

the conventional phase behavior study of petroleum reservoir fluids are valid when the reservoir temperature is far enough from the critical condition in which the material balance equation can be applied correctly. when the temperature of the reservoir is in the vicinity of the critical temperature the classical methods can’t determine the phase behavior of the mixture due to rapid phase chang...

Three dimensional (3D) printing technology is rapidly evolving such that printing speed is now a crucial factor in technological developments and future applications. For printing heads based on the inkjet concept, the number of nozzles on the print head is a limiting factor of printing speed. This paper offers a method to practically increase the number of nozzles unlimitedly, and thus to dram...

Characterization of heavy end, as plus fraction, is among the most crucial steps in predicting phase behavior of a hydrocarbon fluid system. Proper selection of single carbon number (SCN) distribution function is essential for heavy end characterization. The SCN distribution function is subject to fluid nature. The exponential distribution function has been and is widely applied to gas condensa...

An isothermal endoreversible chemical engine operating between a finite high-chemicalpotential reservoir and an infinite low-chemicalpotential reservoir in which the mass transfer between the working fluid and the mass reservoirs obeys the linear mass-transfer law [g ∝ ∆μ], is put forward in this paper. Optimal control theory is applied to determine the optimal cycle configuration corresponding...