This study aimed to investigate the effect of increased lung volume with positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on respiratory resistance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ten patients with COPD were mechanically ventilated for acute respiratory failure. PEEP was set at 0, 5, 10 and 15 cm H2O. Using the rapid airway occlusion technique, the total inspiratory resist...

Frequency-domain analyses of R-R intervals are used widely to estimate levels of autonomic neural traffic to the human heart. Because respiration modulates autonomic activity, we determined for nine healthy subjects the influence of breathing frequency and tidal volume on R-R interval power spectra (fast-Fourier transform method). We also surveyed published literature to determine current pract...

PURPOSE To describe an animal model of rapid intravenous infusion with different volumes of crystalloid and discuss the clinical findings. METHODS Fifty six male Wistar rats were used, divided randomly in seven groups (n = 8). The rats of groups 1 to 6 received lactated Ringer's solution intravenously, in the rate of 25 ml/min, with different volumes proportional to blood volume (BV). The rat...

OBJECTIVES A low or moderate expired tidal volume can be difficult to achieve during noninvasive ventilation for de novo acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (i.e., not due to exacerbation of chronic lung disease or cardiac failure). We assessed expired tidal volume and its association with noninvasive ventilation outcome. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Twenty-four bed unive...

The upper airways may contribute to the increase in respiratory resistance induced by methacholine (Mch). The aim of this study was to simultaneously assess the Mch response of upper airways and lower respiratory resistances (Rua, Rrs,lo) and reactances (Xua, Xrs,lo), and to test whether the change of total respiratory resistance and reactance after Mch were affected by upper airways mechanisms...

background: indian tea industry workers are exposed to various exposures at their workplace. objective: to investigate the respiratory health of indian tea industry workers. methods: we administered a respiratory questionnaire to and measured lung function in workers of 34 tea gardens and 46 tea factories. we used correlation matrices to test the association between their respiratory symptoms a...

INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnea and opioid-induced respiratory depression can unpredictably threaten respiratory competence in the post-anesthesia care unit. Current respiratory monitoring relies heavily on respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, as well as subjective clinical assessment. These assessments have distinct limitations, and none provide a real-time, objective, quantitative dir...

Interactive learning has been proven instrumental for the understanding of complex systems where the interaction of interdependent components is hard to envision. Due to the mechanical properties and mutual coupling of the lung and thorax, respiratory mechanics represent such a complex system, yet their understanding is essential for the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of various respirator...