Low availability of Fe significantly limits crop yields in many parts of the world. However, it is largely unknown which genes and alleles adjust plant growth in Fe limited environments. Using natural variation of a geographically restricted panel of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions, we identify allelic variation at the FRO2 locus associated with root length under iron deficiency. We show that n...

Variation in natural language is constrained: languages tend to lose competing variants over time, and where variation persists, its use tends to be conditioned on grammatical or sociolinguistic context. We had adult participants learn and communicate with artificial languages exhibiting unpredictable variation in plural marking. Using an iterated learning procedure, the languages produced by p...

Very slight sequence differences in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, even single nucleotide substitutions, have been proposed as indicative of different species of avian malaria parasites. However, few studies have examined within-species variation in that gene for Plasmodium or related genera. We examined sequences for the entire cytochrome b gene from Plasmodium mexicanum , a parasite of ...

The western European present perfect is subject to substantial crosslinguistic variation. literature, however, focuses on individual languages or comparisons of a restricted number languages. We piece together the puzzle and do so in data-driven way by comparing use through parallel corpus based French novel L’Étranger its translations Italian, German, Dutch, Spanish, British English, Modern Gr...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between genetic variation in the adipocyte protein perilipin (PLIN) and insulin resistance in an Asian population as well as to examine their modulation by macronutrient intake. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A nationally representative sample (Chinese, Malays, and Indians) was selected in the Singapore National Health Survey following the World Health Or...