Plant nuclear genomes encode hundreds of predicted organellar RNA binding proteins, few of which have been connected with their physiological RNA substrates and functions. In fact, among the largest family of putative RNA binding proteins in plants, the pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family, no physiologically relevant RNA ligands have been firmly established. We used the chloroplast-splicing f...

Introduction: Livestock husbandry is critical for food security and poverty reduction in a low-income country like Tanzania. Infectious disease is one of the major constraints reducing the productivity in this sector. Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is one of the most important diseases affecting small ruminants, but other infectious diseases may also be present. Objective: The objective of th...

Among the main intimidation to the sheep and goat population, PPR outbreaks are causing huge losses especially in endemic areas. During recent times, six outbreaks of PPR were confirmed at semi-organized goat farms/herds in various regions of Punjab province and Islamabad capital territory (ICT), Pakistan. The disease started after introduction of new animals at these farms with no history of p...

Most state-of-the-art heuristics are characterized by a certain number of choices and free parameters, whose appropriate setting is a subject that raises issues of research methodology [5, 41, 51]. In some cases, these parameters are tuned through a feedback loop that includes the user as a crucial learning component : depending on preliminary algorithm tests some parameter values are changed b...

The present study was planned to carry out a seroprevalence study of PPR antibodies in North West Frontier Province (NWFP) including Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), using competitive-ELISA (c-ELISA) kit. A total of 4548 serum samples collected from 26 locations of the NWFP including. Eight hundred twenty eight samples were found positive for PPR antibodies yielding an overall seropr...

Photoparoxysmal response (PPR) is an abnormal visual sensitivity of the brain in reaction to intermittent photic stimulation. It is an epilepsy-related electroencephalographic trait with high prevalence in idiopathic epilepsies, especially in common idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs), such as childhood absence epilepsy and juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. This degree of co-morbidity suggests ...

Mitochondria and chloroplasts host genomes inherited from their bacterial ancestors. Their biogenesis thus requires fully functional gene expression machineries. RNA metabolism in organ-elles is particular and has attracted considerable attention since it combines prokaryotic features with unique traits that evolved in their eukaryotic host cell. For a long time, most of the molecular factors g...

A small subset of the large pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein family in higher plants contain a C-terminal small MutS-related (SMR) domain. Although few in number, they figure prominently in the chloroplast biogenesis and retrograde signaling literature due to their striking mutant phenotypes. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of PPR-SMR proteins focusing on Arabidopsis and ma...

The Polynomial-Preserving Recovery (PPR) technique is extended to recover continuous gradients from C0 finite element solutions of an arbitrary order in 2D and 3D problems. The stability of the PPR is theoretically investigated in a general framework. In 2D, the stability is established under a simple geometric condition. The numerical experiments demonstrated that the PPR-recovered gradient en...

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies against foot and mouth disease (FMD), Peste des Petits ruminants (PPR), and bluetongue (BT) in sheep and goats within Giza and Beni-Suef governorates at the second half of 2016. Materials and Methods A total of 300 animals (sheep and goats) randomly selected from small stocks with no history of previous vaccination ...