The onset of diabetes relative to clinical diagnosis was estimated in Egyptians with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) based on the relationship between retinopathy and duration of diabetes. Between July 1992 and October 1993 the Diabetes in Egypt (DIE) Project performed a cross-sectional, population-based survey with clinical and laboratory follow-up to describe the prevalence of...

Objective: To assess the relationship between capillary perfusion of retinal vessels and severity diabetic retinopathy with help Optical Coherence Tomography angiography.
 Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
 Place Duration Study: Armed Forces Institute Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb 2020 to Apr 2021.
 Methodology: Seventy-three eyes 37 subjects suffering diabetes ...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in an urban Indian population older than 40 years. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Five thousand nine hundred ninety-nine subjects residing in Chennai, India, were enumerated. METHODS A multistage random sampling, based on socioeconomic criteria, was followed. Identified sub...

AIM To investigate, in a large cohort of 2494 individuals with diabetes mellitus, whether functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin-alpha (LTA) genes are associated with type of diabetes or presence of diabetic retinopathy. METHODS A total of 334 type 1 diabetes and 999 type 2 diabetes participants with sight-threatening ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the prospective association of retinal vascular fractal dimension with diabetic retinopathy risk in young people with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a hospital-based prospective study of 590 patients aged 12-20 years with type 1 diabetes free of retinopathy at baseline. All patients had seven-field retinal photographs taken of both eyes. Incident re...

OBJECTIVE Residual insulin secretion provides important protection against the development of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. The data to support this in type 2 diabetes are unclear. We therefore tested in type 2 diabetes whether markers of residual beta-cell function are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy, an important microvascular complication of diabetes. DES...

PURPOSE To examine the relationship of retinopathy in persons without diabetes mellitus to the 15-year cumulative incidence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. METHODS A total of 3,402 persons 43 to 86 years of age without diabetes mellitus (1,879 without diabetes or hypertension) at the time of a baseline examination in 1988-1990 had follow-up examinations in 1993-1995, 1998-2000, and/or ...

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). After 20 years of diabetes duration Diabetic retinopathy, occurs in 90% of the type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and in 60% of the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, being the main cause of blindness in adults. High glicemia and blood pressure levels, along with the long diabetes mellitus duration, are the main risk ...

macular edema following diabetic retinopathy is one of the ocular complications associated with diabetes, and it is the leading cause of visual loss in the active young and middle aged population in developed countries. while all patients with diabetes particularly those with diabetic retinopathy are at increased risk of developing eye complications, early detection and timely intervention may ...