In lactic acid fermentation by Lactobacillus delbrueckii, the produced lactic acid affected the lactic acid productivity. Therefore, for the purpose of alleviating this inhibitory effect, an electrodialysis fermentation method which can continuously remove produced lactic acid from the fermentation broth was applied to this fermentation process. As a result, the continuation of fermentation act...

Salinity gradient energy, which is also known as Blue energy, is a renewable energy form that can be extracted from the mixing of two solutions with different salinities. About 80% of the current global electricity demand could potentially be covered by this energy source. Among several energy extraction technologie...

Produced waters (PWs) are oilfield waste streams rich in minerals and hydrocarbons whose production rate is largely increased last decades following the corresponding increase of energy demand. The high salinity level PWs inhibits adoption cheap biological treatments. Also, desalination techniques based on osmotic membranes would require severe pre-treatments. As an alternative, Reverse Electro...

Reverse electrodialysis is a promising membrane technology to generate energy from controlled mixing of water streams different salinities. Electrical potentials on the ion exchange membranes (IEMs) when selective transport cations and anions across driven by concentration difference. The accurate determination developed IEMs critical fairly assess feasibility technology. Nernst–Planck–Poisson ...

Reverse electrodialysis (RED) membrane is an emerging renewable energy which harvest electricity from mixing two streams on different salinities. In real practice still not clearly defined for the effectiveness of salinity gradient power (SGP)-RED due to limitation artificial saline water. Generally, South Kalimantan Indonesia rich by wetland and coastal area. Due that water potential as source...