In this paper, we study sharp two-sided heat kernel estimates for a large class of symmetric reflected diffusions with jumps on the closure an inner uniform domain D D </mml:semantic...

Riboswitches are regulatory elements that control gene expression by altering RNA structure upon the binding of specific metabolites. Although Bacillus subtilis riboswitches have been shown to control premature transcription termination, less is known about regulatory mechanisms employed by Escherichia coli riboswitches, which are predicted to regulate mostly at the level of translation initiat...

Inspired by works of Castéras (Pac J Math 276:321–345, 2015), Li and Zhu (Calc Var Partial Differ Equ 58:1–18, 2019), Sun 60:1–26, 2021), we propose a heat flow for the mean field equation on connected finite graph $$G=(V,E)$$ . Namely $$\begin{aligned} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} \partial _t\phi (u)=\Delta u-Q+\rho \frac{e^u}{\int _Ve^ud\mu }\\ u(\cdot ,0)=u_0, \end{array}\right. \end{aligned}$$ ...

We have analyzed the initiation and termination sites of transcription in vivo of the colicin E1 gene in Escherichia coli cells by S1-mapping assay and RNA blot hybridization. According to the S1-mapping assay, the transcription was initiated at about 75 base pairs upstream from the NH2-terminal codon of the gene. The initiation site corresponded with one of the two promoters which were previou...

Rho GTPases are conformational switches that control a wide variety of signaling pathways critical for eukaryotic cell development and proliferation. They represent attractive targets for drug design as their aberrant function and deregulated activity is associated with many human diseases including cancer. Extensive high-resolution structures (>100) and recent mutagenesis studies have laid the...

PURPOSE To identify the gene mutations responsible for autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (arRP) in Pakistani families. METHODS A cohort of consanguineous families with typical RP phenotype in patients was screened by homozygosity mapping using microsatellite markers that mapped close to 21 known arRP genes and five arRP loci. Mutation analysis was performed by direct sequencing of the ...

The equation of state (EoS) the neutron star (NS) matter remains an enigma. In this work we perform Bayesian parameter inference with gravitational wave data (GW170817) and mass-radius observations some NSs (PSR $\mathrm{J}0030+0451$, PSR $\mathrm{J}0437\ensuremath{-}4715$, 4U 1702-429) using phenomenologically constructed EoS models to search for a potential first-order phase transition. Our p...

In this paper we study an asymptotic version of the holonomic efficiency problem originated in the study of swimming microorganism. Given a horizontal distribution on a vector bundle, the holonomy of a loop in the base space is the displacement along the fiber direction of the end points of its horizontal lift. The holonomic efficiency problem is to find the most efficient loop in the base spac...

Abstract Let G be a simple graph with vertex set $$V(G) = \{v_1, v_2,\ldots , v_n\}$$ V ( G ) = { v 1 , 2 …</mml:mo...