In the fight against leprosy drug resistance poses a serious impediment at a stage when there is dramatic decline in prevalence due to intensive and concerted chemotherapy intervention. Drug resistance in leprosy has been reported since 1964 for dapsone, 1976 for rifampicin and 1996 for ofloxacin. Recent reports and publications have indicated few instances of rifampicin resistance in several e...

Rates of resistance for two consecutive years for 28 centres (10 Teaching, nine Associate Teaching and nine District General hospitals) in the UK were compared. Combined rates of resistance for each of the hospital types of Staphylococcus aureus to methicillin revealed an increase in the rate of resistance in Teaching hospitals (12.5% year 1, 23.5% year 2), but, for Associate Teaching and Distr...

BACKGROUND Drug resistance substantially increases tuberculosis (TB) mortality. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of mycobacterial drug resistance pattern and association of common resistance patterns with TB mortality in Thailand. METHOD A retrospective cohort study was conducted using TB surveillance data. A total of 9,518 culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB patients registered from 1...

BACKGROUND There is an urgent demand for rapid and accurate drug-susceptibility testing for the detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The GenoType MTBDRplus assay is a promising molecular kit designed for rapid identification of resistance to first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs, isoniazid and rifampicin. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of GenoType M...

We compared the in-vitro antimycobacterial activities of rifabutin and KRM-1648, two rifamycin derivatives, with that of rifampicin against 163 strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We also evaluated the correlation between the level of resistance to rifampicin, rifabutin and KRM-1648 and genetic alterations in the rpoB gene. All 82 strains susceptible to rifampicin or resistant to rifampicin ...

BACKGROUND Multi-drug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most important nosocomial pathogens. In addition to the diverse resistance mechanisms, some A. baumannii strains are known to have biofilm-producing capacity, thereby decreasing antibiotic effectiveness. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was designed to assess biofilm-producing capacity of three different M...

UNLABELLED Conventional Mouse foot-pad (MFP) assay for screening drug resistance in M. leprae is cumbersome and time-consuming (approximately 6 to 12 months). Molecular targets for different anti-leprosy drugs have been well defined. Molecular tools for rapid detection of drug resistance in M. leprae have been standardised. A study to compare molecular methods with MFP assay in determining the ...

Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem in developing countries due to the emergence of drug resistance against conventional anti-tuberculosis drugs. Rifampicin considered be one most potent first-line anti-TB drugs but cases, it has lost its efficiency bacterial resistance. The objective this study was detect prevalence rifampicin-resistance and probe mutation 81bp RRDR rpo-B...

OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo efficacy of ceftriaxone, vancomycin and rifampicin alone and combined against Streptococcus pneumoniae ATCC 51916 (MIC of ceftriaxone: 32 mg/L). METHODS In vitro killing curves were performed with clinically achievable CSF antibiotic concentrations. In the rabbit model of pneumococcal meningitis, we studied the efficacy of...

OBJECTIVES AND METHODS This study addressed the efficacy of daptomycin, vancomycin, rifampicin, daptomycin/rifampicin and vancomycin/rifampicin against a polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA)-dependent and -independent Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm using flow cell and guinea pig tissue cage models. RESULTS The flow cell model of both PIA-dependent and -independent biofilms demonstra...