This article describes the design of a new test rig for measuring the friction force in pneumatic components and seals. The test rig was designed in order to measure both the overall friction force in a pneumatic cylinder or a valve as a whole, and the single contribution to friction force caused by the sliding seals. To this end, special fixtures and devices were designed and manufactured in o...

the main objective of this study is to swing krull intersection theorem in primary decomposition of rings and modules to the primary decomposition of soft rings and soft modules. to fulfill this aim several notions like soft prime ideals, soft maximal ideals, soft primary ideals, and soft radical ideals are introduced for a soft ring over a given unitary commutative ring. consequently, the p...

Harbor Seals (Phoca vitulina) have been widely studied in the Pacific Northwest for over 60 y (Scheffer and Slipp 1944; Calambokidis and others 1979; Olesiuk and others 1990; Jeffries and others 2003). In the inland waters of Washington State, Harbor Seals are the most abundant and extensively distributed pinniped, numbering approximately 15,000 individuals and thought to be nearing carrying ca...

The value of face contact pressure has an important influence on the wear life and leakage rate mechanical seal. For a long time, people have chosen based experience lack theoretical support, which greatly reduces effectiveness Based percolation theory, critical porosity zero-leakage at wetting non-wetting sealing interface working in liquid medium is first discussed. end-face frictional heat f...

the seleucid seals and bullae play a significant role in understanding the administration and social structures of this period. due to the limitations in the seleucids sigillographic study, a wide variety of administrative archives of bullae found from important sites such as qumis, susa, babylon, nippur and kadesh are waiting for the researchers to deal with the bullae’s various aspects. apart...

Sealing log books from 75 out of 79 commercial harvest cruises carried out between 1972 and 1994 in the Sea of Okhotsk, Russia, were analyzed to describe spatial and temporal allocation of ice-associated seal harvest effort, species composition of catches, total harvest rates, and related parameters for species including ringed (Pusa hispida), ribbon (Histriophoca fasciata), bearded (Erignathus...

The Pinnipedia includes marine carnivores that share a single common evolutionary origin within arctoid carnivores 25–27 Ma in the North Pacific (Berta & Adam, 2001). Three major groups of pinnipeds are recognized: the Phocidae (true seals), the Otariidae (fur seals and sea lions) and the Odobenidae (walruses). Phocid seals, the focus of this study, are typically divided into two subfamilies th...

Concentrations of alternative flame retardants and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were analyzed in ringed seal (Phoca hispida) blubber collected across the Canadian Arctic during subsistence hunts between 1998 and 2013. More than 80% of sampled animals were females and juvenile males. The highest mean ΣPBDE concentrations (sum of 13 congeners) were found in seals from Nain (Nunatsiavut)...

Seals have adapted to the high heat transfer coefficient in the aquatic environment by effective thermal insulation of the body core. While swimming and diving, excess metabolic heat is supposed to be dissipated mainly over the sparsely insulated body appendages, whereas the location of main heat sinks in hauled-out seals remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate thermal windows on the trunk of har...