A growing awareness of the value of indigenous knowledge has prompted calls for its use within disaster risk reduction. The use of indigenous knowledge alongside scientific knowledge is increasingly advocated but there is as yet no clearly developed framework demonstrating how the two may be integrated to reduce community vulnerability to environmental hazards. This paper presents such a framew...

In understanding and trying to reduce the risk from disasters, connections are often articulated amongst poverty, vulnerability, risk, and disasters. These are welcome steps, but the approach taken in top-down international documents is rarely to articulate explicitly that vulnerability accrues from a wide variety of dynamic and long-term processes. Neglecting these processes-and failing to exp...

background: this paper aims to examine the reproductive health and behaviors which might expose young people at risks of stis/hiv and potential correlates of such behaviors among female college students in tehran. methods: this paper focuses on the study conducted on a sample of 1743 female undergraduate students in four multidisciplinary universities in tehran during 2005-2006 using a two-stag...

background: this study aimed at determining the drug abuse pattern and the frequency of high-risk behaviors among the clients of methadone maintenance treatment centers and drop-in centers in shahroud county of semnan province. methods: in this cross-sectional study, the data collection tool was a questionnaire including 10 general and 32 specific items about drug abuse pattern and high-risk be...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether community populations in community popular opinion leader intervention venues showed greater reductions in sexual risk practices and lower HIV/sexually transmitted disease (STD) incidence than those in comparison venues. METHODS A 5-country group-randomized trial, conducted from 2002 to 2007, enrolled cohorts from 20 to 40 venues in each country. Venues, matched...

background: malnutrition has been linked to poor outcomes after elective joint arthroplasty, but the risk of unplanned postoperative intensive care unit (icu) admission in malnourished arthroplasty patients is unknown. methods: 1098 patients were followed as part of a prospective risk stratification program at a tertiary, high-volume arthroplasty center. chronic malnutrition was defined as preo...