Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is necessary for the synthesis of methionine and S-adenosylmethionine, which is necessary for CNS (re-)myelination. The MTHFR variant c.1298A>C was associated with the development of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in a German population. This study aimed at analyzing whether further genetic variants of methionine metabolism are associat...

BACKGROUND Reduced N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) levels in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) may visualize axonal damage even in the normal appearing white matter (NAWM). Demyelination and axonal degeneration are a hallmark in multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE To define the extent of axonal degeneration in the NAWM in the remote from focal lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting (RRMS) a...

Objective. To investigate the pattern of cognitive impairment in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients using a computerized battery. Methods. RRMS patients (N = 50), SPMS patients (N = 30), and controls (N = 31) were assessed by Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) computerized battery, Trail Making Tests (TMT) A and B,...

OBJECTIVES To establish the frequency of cognitive impairment in a population based sample of patients with recently diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and to determine the relation between cognitive abnormalities and the extent of macroscopic and microscopic tissue damage revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetisation transfer (MT) imaging. METHODS 58 pa...

BackgroundThe latest diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) have revitalized the role of oligoclonal bands synthesis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF-OCB). This study identifies predictors CSF-OCB-positivity among vivo metabolic markers subcortical gray/white matter MS patients after their first episode (CIS) and with relapsing-remitting course (RRMS).MethodsThe enrolled 13 CIS 23 RRMS pati...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disorder, with a diverse set of clinical signs and symptoms. This study aimed to investigate diagnostic values monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), red cell distribution width/lymphocyte (RLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) in detecting multiple attacks patients Relapsing-remit...

Ribonucleotide reductases (RRs or RNRs) catalyze the reduction of OH group on 2nd carbon ribose, reducing four ribonucleotides (NTPs) to corresponding deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs) promote DNA synthesis. Large viruses, such as herpesviruses and poxviruses, could benefit their replication through increasing dNTPs via expression viral RRs. Little is known regarding relationship between cellular RR...

BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a highly prevalent cause of neurological disability and has different clinical subtypes with potentially different underlying pathologies. Differentiation of primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) from relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) could be difficult especially in its early phases. OBJECTIVES We compared brain metabolite concentrati...

BACKGROUND Fingolimod (Gilenya) is an oral medication for patients with highly active relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). Clinical trials and post-marketing experience on more than 114,000 patients have established a detailed safety profile. Total patient exposure now exceeds 195,000 patient-years as stated in the last financial report (Dec 2014) of the Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Swi...

Object. Gender and disease course specific incidences were studied in high- and medium-risk regions of MS in Finland. Methods. Age- and gender-specific incidences with 95% CIs were calculated in 10-year periods from 1981 to 2010. Poser diagnostic criteria were used and compared with the McDonald criteria from 2001 to 2010. Association between age and diagnostic delay over time was assessed by u...