interest as investment opportunity cost or in other words cost of obtaining the credit requirement in the production process, have a key role in the good's cost price and hence it's necessary to control this kind of variables that have harmful effects on the interest rate's trends. among this, the unexpected changes in some variables that can have destructive effects on interest ...

the ongoing study aims at a brief pathology on saving in iran's private sector. the factors effect on saving in private sector have been introduced, including oil revenues, real interest rate of banking long-term deposits, ratio of stocks transactions value to gross national production (gnp), proportion of employed population to total population, inflation rate and gini coefficient during ...

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is formed by a group of mobile wireless nodes, each of which functions as a router and agrees to forward packets for others. Many routing protocols (e.g., AODV, DSDV, etc) have been proposed for MANETs. However, most assume that nodes are trustworthy and cooperative. Thus, they are vulnerable to a variety of attacks. We propose a secure routing protocol based on ...

SMS4, a block cipher which employs a special kind of unbalanced Feistel structure, has been accepted as the Chinese National Standard for securing Wireless LANs. This paper investigates the upper bounds of the maximum differential and linear characteristic probabilities of SMS4like cipher, in order to evaluate the practical security against differential and linear cryptanalysis. In the same way...

In recent history, it looked to many as if rural financial markets would become dominated by large banks that offered relatively expensive credit to agricultural firms. However, the 1990's have seen a resurgence in smaller banks with a focus on smaller, agricultural producer loans. Moreover, small banks may be more competitive than ever with respect to interest rates. This report outlines some ...