There are several downstream analysis goals for which RNA-seq is well suited. Main categories of these are described briefly below with reference to supporting materials. Refer to S2 Table for specific tools relevant to many of these areas. For each application, a basic data recommendation is provided. It is important to remember that these are simply examples. In addition to the varying demand...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects different substrates and concentrations nutrient solutions in production arugula (Eruca sativa Miller) microgreens grown a protected environment at campus Faculty Agronomy Federal University Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil. treatments consisted combination five commercial substrates, CSC® vermiculite (S1), Green-Up phenolic...

Force generation in muscle results from binding of myosin to F-actin. ATP binding to myosin provides energy to dissociate actomyosin complex while the hydrolysis of ATP is needed for re-binding of myosin to F-actin. At the end of each cycle myosin and actin form a tight complex with a substantial interface area. We investigated the dynamics of formation of actomyosin interface in presence and a...

The goal of this study was to assess the mechanisms by which the caffeine-sensitive calcium stores of airway smooth muscle cells are refilled. Bovine trachealis cells were loaded with fura 2-AM (0.5 μM) for imaging of cytosolic calcium concentrations ([Ca2+]i) in the inner cytosol. After a first stimulation (S1) with caffeine, the response to a second stimulation (S2) depended on the presence o...

BACKGROUND Percutaneous full-endoscopic discectomy (PED) is being increasingly used because of its potential to minimalize soft-tissue damage and decrease hospital stay. PED using the interlaminar approach (PED-IL) at L4-L5 is performed by only a few surgeons. To the best of our knowledge, the safety and efficacy of PED-IL at L4-L5, without experience in PED via a transforaminal approach (PED-T...

Sodium caseinates prepared from bovine, sheep, goat, pig, buffalo or human milk were hydrolyzed by a partially purified proteinase of Lactobacillus helveticus PR4. Peptides in each hydrolysate were fractionated by reversed-phase fast-protein liquid chromatography. The fractions which showed the highest angiotensin I-converting-enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory or antibacterial activity were sequenced by ...

Adjacent segmental degeneration (ASD) is a major issue after pedicular fixation. This study examined the degeneration of the adjacent levels due to the insertion of the Wallis interspinous stabilization system compared with discectomy, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Thirty-eight patients diagnosed with lumbar degeneration disorders at L4-L5 were reviewed: 19 patients underwent discectom...

To better understand the mechanisms by which neurotropic viruses invade peripheral nerve pathways and produce CNS disease, we defined the type 3 (T3) reovirus genes that are determinants of the capacity of reovirus T3 strain Dearing (T3D) and T3 clone 9 (C9) to infect the spinal cord and kill mice after hindlimb injection. T3D and C9 viruses are both highly virulent (LD(50) < 10(1) PFU) after i...

BACKGROUND Modic 1 changes are usually associated with degenerative disc disease (DDD). We aimed to compare Modic 1 changes with advanced degenerative disc disease (>50%-intervertebral space narrowing [IVSN]) to Modic 1 changes with less advanced lumbar degenerative disc disease (≤50%-IVSN). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study. The computerized MRI database from a French tertiary car...