In response to our perceptions of the need to clarify the nature of school-based occupational therapy services at the local, state, and federal levels, we have written this article to address three areas. First, we suggest that the terminology used by school-based occupational therapists to describe their work be explained in terms that will allow parents and educators to better understand the ...

This article describes a framework for occupational therapy service provision in early intervention settings and presents pilot data aimed at examining the framework's effectiveness. The Family-Centered Framework for Early Intervention is a synthesis of concepts from the Model of Human Occupation (Kielhofner & Burke, 1980) and from the literature on play. It encompasses a systematic, holistic a...

Bedside shift reports are viewed as an opportunity to reduce errors and important to ensure communication between nurses and communication. Models of bedside report incorporating the patient into the triad have been shown to increase patient engagement and enhance caregiver support and education. Nurse shift reports and nurse handovers are 2 of the most critical processes in patient care that c...

Saudi Arabia and Iran are engaged in a strenuous competition the Middle East to protect promote their respective spheres of influence, each other’s detriment. This qualitative study traces structural sources this while taking cue from history. It argues that demise Saddam Hussein, Iraq’s plunging into civil war, Arab Spring leading violent movements Syria, Libya, Bahrain, Yemen accentuated Saud...

the fall of saddam in 2003, iraq's government and political system in general, and it changed the country in crisis chndsalhay swallow, so that shia power for the first time in the history of iraq and the kurdistan regional government's increased power. kurdistan is the only region of iraq before the invasion of isis (2014) in some regions, it has no impact of unsafe environment, their programs...

OBJECTIVE The present study examined the effect of child gender and maternal depressive symptoms on routine supervisory practices of mothers longitudinally. METHOD Self-report supervision practices were obtained at various time points from 3 months through 3 years of age. RESULTS From 3 to 36 months, the quantity of time mothers reported supervising decreased from 7.1 to 6.3 hours, and the ...

The development of occupational therapy is rooted in early 20th century medical reform. During the early 1910s, several members of the medical profession, human service workers, and the larger American society were increasingly disturbed by medical practices that did not consider the individual's personal experience of disability. Occupational therapy was developed, in part, out of this desire ...

Part of my childhood was spent in Baghdad, Iraq, during the rule Saddam Hussein. At that time, regime offered free and universal education healthcare. Literacy rates country surpassed much Arabic-speaking world and, indeed, Global South. As celebrated Egyptian intellectual, Taha Hussein, famously put it: “Cairo writes; Beirut prints; Baghdad reads.” Booksellers were everywhere Baghdad. Its peop...

following the collapse of ussr, the usa, as a key player of the middle east region, claimed the leadership of the world unipolar system and, during the last two decades has attempted to restructure the region. to this end, the us has tried to put into practice a plan under the name the new middle east, inorder to maintain its presence and dominance over this strategic region with the aim of sec...