The outer hair cell (OHC) is a hydrostat with a low hydraulic conductivity of Pf=3x10(-4) cm/s across the plasma membrane (PM) and subsurface cisterna that make up the OHC's lateral wall. The SSC is structurally and functionally a transport barrier in normal cells that is known to be disrupted by salicylate. The effect of sodium salicylate on Pf is determined from osmotic experiments in which i...

Salicylate, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory compound, has been shown to increase the resistance of Campylobacter to antimicrobials. However, the molecular mechanism underlying salicylate-induced resistance has not yet been established. In this study, we determined how salicylate increases antibiotic resistance and evaluated its impact on the development of fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobact...

Onset of the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) causes both necrotic and apoptotic cell death in cultured hepatocytes. Salicylate lowers the threshold for onset of the MPT. In this study, our aim was to determine whether nontoxic concentrations of salicylate potentiate MPT-mediated cell killing. In necrotic killing models to rat hepatocytes, salicylate (1 mM) enhanced calcium ionophore...

We obtained spectroscopic evidence in support of salicylate-dependent inactivation of horseradish peroxidase-C. Addition of salicylate to the enzyme arrested at a temporal inactive state (Compound III) in the presence of H2O2, resulted in rapid and irreversible inactivation of the enzyme yielding verdohemoproteins (P-670). Multiple roles for salicylate in peroxidase-catalyzed reactions are disc...

BACKGROUND The biosynthesis pathway of benzoxazole compounds caboxamycin and nataxazole have been recently elucidated. Both compounds share one of their precursors, 3-hydroxyanthranilate (two units in the case of nataxazole). In addition, caboxamycin structure includes a salicylate moiety while 6-methylsalycilate is the third scaffold in nataxazole. Pathways cross-talk has been identified in ca...

Currently, many millions of people treated for various ailments receive high doses of salicylate. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms by which salicylate induces tinnitus is an important issue for the research community. Behavioral testing in rats have shown that tinnitus induced by salicylate or mefenamate (both cyclooxygenase blockers) are mediated by cochlear NMDA receptors. Here we r...

It is unknown whether salicylate enhances the action of antiarrhythmic agents on human Na+ channels with state dependency and tissue specificity. We therefore investigated effects of salicylate on quinidine-induced block of human cardiac and skeletal muscle Na+ channels. Human cardiac wild-type (hH1), LQT3-related mutant (ΔKPQ), and skeletal muscle (hSkM1) Na+ channel α subunits were expressed ...

OBJECTIVES Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are known to be neurotrophic factors, and they efficiently signal to cells to grow, differentiate and survive. The purpose of study was to identify the expressions of IGFs in mice with salicylate ototoxicity, which is a typical reversible hearing loss model. METHODS The mice were given intraperitoneal injections of salicylate (400 mg/kg) and about...

Salicylate, the active component of aspirin, is known to induce tinnitus. However, the site and the mechanism of generation of tinnitus induced by salicylate remains unclear. Here, we developed a behavioral procedure to measure tinnitus in rats. The behavioral model was based on an active avoidance paradigm in which rats had to display a motor task (i.e., to jump on a climbing pole when hearing...

During an outbreak of influenza A, seven patients with Reye's syndrome and 16 ill classmate control subjects were evaluated for characteristics of the patients' prodromal illness and the control subjects illness and for medication usage. Patients during the prodrome and control subjects had similar rates of sore throat, coryza, cough, headache, and gastrointestinal complaints except for documen...