The aim of this study was to examine the effects of salinity on the survival and growth of a freshwater mussel Unio crassus, from a Mediterranean stream (Sarıçay Stream) in south-west Anatolia, Turkey, which has highly variable environmental conditions and a salinity gradient. A total of 250 similarly-sized U. crassus were collected from a stream in the species’ native range and transferred in ...

a small salt gradient solar pond with an average surface area of 1.8 m2 and depth of 0.8m has been tested. the depths of storage, gradient and surface zones are 0.3, 0.27 and 0.07m, respectively. the temperature of the storage zone for the summer days reaches its maximum of 65˚ c after about 8 days. daily variation of the storage zone temperature was about 8˚c which is due to small volume of th...

Changes in the nature of the seed coat caused by gut passage are considered to be the proximate causes of changes in germination patterns. Modifications of seed coat permeability may be decisive in saline environments (e.g. Mediterranean wetlands), in which the response of the seed to osmotic stress, or its resistance to toxicity caused by some ions may be affected. We analysed how passage thro...

Protein changes induced by salinity stress were investigated in two barley cultivars, California Mariout, a salt-tolerant variety and Prato, a salt-sensitive variety. Rapidly growing young barley seedlings were exposed to NaCl and the newly synthesized proteins were resolved on two dimensional polyacrylamide gels following isoelectric focusing or nonequilibrium pH gradient gel electrophoresis i...

River-dominated continental shelf environments are active sites of air-sea CO2 exchange. We conducted 13 cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico, a region strongly influenced by fresh water and nutrients delivered from the Mississippi and Atchafalaya River system. The sea surface partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) was measured, and the air-sea CO2 flux was calculated. Results show that CO...

*Correspondence: Christian R. Voolstra, Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Building 2, Room 2226, 23955-6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia e-mail: christian.voolstra@ kaust.edu.sa The Red Sea is the world’s northernmost tropical sea. The 2000 km long, but narrow basin creates distinct environmental conditions along its latitudinal spread. The Red Sea displays a ...

The effects of salinity (NaCl) stress on growth, cytosolic Ca(2+) gradients and cytosolic pH homeostasis of root hairs of Arabidopsis thaliana are assessed here. Neither cytosolic Ca(2+) nor pH at the hair apex were significantly affected by 20 min exposure of up to 90 mM NaCl or of up to 5 mM extracellular Ca(2+). Exposure to increasing NaCl concentrations, up to 90 mM, for 2 d or 6 d reduced ...

Climate change experts largely agree that future climate change and associated rises in oceanic water levels over the upcoming decades, will affect marine salinity levels. The subsequent effects on fish communities in estuarine ecosystems however, are less clear. One species that is likely to become increasingly affected by changes in salinity is the ide (Leuciscus idus). The ide is a stenohali...

Managing terminal lake elevation and salinity are emerging problems worldwide. We contribute to terminal lake management research by quantitatively assessing water and salt flow for Utah's Great Salt Lake. In 1959, Union Pacific Railroad constructed a rock-filled causeway across the Great Salt Lake, separating the lake into a north and south arm. Flow between the two arms was limited to two 4.6...

In this work, we experimentally investigate mass and heat transport phenomena in a modular device while converting a solution salinity difference into a temperature difference. Operations occur under fixed total ambient pressure and without mechanical moving parts, thus realizing a fully static conversion. Provided that a constant salinity gradient can be imposed, the proposed device is able to...