One of the tertiary methods for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is the injection of chemicals into oil reservoirs, and surface active agents (surfactants) are among the most used chemicals. Surfactants lead to increased oil production by decreasing interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and the injected water and to the wettability alteration of the oil reservoir rock. Since surfactants are predomin...

Salinisation of freshwater has been identified as a serious environmental issue in Australia and around the world. Protective concentrations (trigger values) for salinity can be used to manage salinity impacts, though require locally relevant salinity tolerance information. 72-h acute salinity tolerance values were determined for 102 macroinvertebrates collected from 11 locations in four biolog...

abstract understanding distribution of physical and chemical soil parameters is very important in recognizing, planning, and soil and water resources management in precision agriculture. regard to the problems related to direct measurement, finding solution to estimate these parameters are very essential. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatial variation of some soil parameters su...

Observations from 35 tropical moorings are used to characterize the diurnal cycle in salinity at 1 m depth. The amplitude of diurnal salinity anomalies is up to 0.01 psu and more typically 0.005 psu. Diurnal variations in precipitation and vertical entrainment appear to be the dominant drivers of diurnal salinity variability, with evaporation also contributing. Areas where these processes are s...

the measurement of chlorophyll content of leaf is as an appropriate criterion in breeding programs to increase the rate of leaf photosynthesis. in order to study the relationship between chlorophyll content and seed yield under saline conditions, 41 wheat genotypes were evaluated in two conditions (normal and salinity stress) at the research field of the national salinity research center (nsrc)...

BACKGROUND Sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus) are an imperiled fauna exposed to a variety of environmental condition such as salinity and studies are urgently needed to assess their effects to guide aquaculture efforts. The effects of acute salinity stress on coelomic fluid osmotic pressure, ion concentrations, the activity of Na+/K+-ATPase in respiratory trees and the histological variatio...

Invasive species are commonly thought to have broad tolerances that enable them to colonize new habitats, but this assumption has rarely been tested. In particular, the relative importance of acclimation (plasticity) and adaptation for invasion success are poorly understood. This study examined effects of short-term and developmental acclimation on adult salinity tolerance in the copepod Euryte...

[1] Salinity profiles collected by the International Argo Project (International Argo Project data are available at http://argo.jcommops.org) since 2000 provide us an unprecedented opportunity to study impacts of salinity data on the quality of ocean analysis, which has been hampered by a lack of salinity observations historically. The operational Global Ocean Data Assimilation System (GODAS) d...