Important data obtained in mice raise the possibility that immunization against the saliva of sand flies could protect from leishmaniasis. Sand fly saliva stimulates the production of specific antibodies in individuals living in endemic areas of parasite transmission. To characterize the humoral immune response against the saliva of Phlebotomus papatasi in humans, we carried out a prospective s...

Because biogas bubbles can influence cap integrity, the effect of capping and cap material on the ebullition potential in sediments must be studied. The goal of this comprehensive study was to determine the short-term effect of capping regime on the activity, metabolic potential, and community structure of sediment microorganisms. To evaluate the effect of capping (sand, synthetic aggregate, an...

In this paper we analyze by means of numerical simulation the mechanisms and processes of flow in two types of fractured tight gas reservoirs: shale and tight-sand systems. The numerical model includes Darcy’s law as the basic equation of multiphase flow and accurately describes the thermophysical properties of the reservoir fluids, but also incorporates other options that cover the spectrum of...

Submitted: Jul 12, 2013; Accepted: Aug 26, 2013; Published: Aug 29, 2013 Abstract: Sand production in water, oil and gas wells is usually controlled by gravel packing techniques worldwide. Consideration in the gravel pack design requires that the particle size is five or six times the formation sand depending on the formation sand median diameter. Sieve analysis result shows that the grain size...

Permeable sediments and associated microbial communities play a fundamental role in nutrient recycling within coral reef ecosystems by ensuring high levels of primary production in oligotrophic environments. A previous study on organic matter degradation within biogenic carbonate and terrigenous silicate reef sands in the Red Sea suggested that observed sand-specific differences in microbial ac...

The present investigation on Thenus orientalis, a sand lobster of Royapuram coast, Chennai. Was conducted for two consecutive years. Careful observation made on the morphological and histological investigations showed that there is synchronous growth and its impact on the development of the animal with regard to the control of neurosecretory cells found in the cerebral ganglion, thoracic gangli...

A model is developed that predicts the motion and growth of oxide inclusions during pouring, as well as their final locations on the surface of steel sand castings. Inclusions originate on the melt free surface, and their subsequent growth is controlled by oxygen transfer from the atmosphere. Inclusion motion is modeled in a Lagrangian sense, taking into account drag and buoyancy forces. The in...

Sand production is a common phenomenon in oil and gas reservoirs, which occurs when reservoir fluids exert sufficient drag force on rocks to erode the matrix. Numerical models for sand have been used understand sanding mechanisms forecast sand-production potential of formations design well completion, optimize production, prevent setbacks future operations. This paper presents mathematical mode...

Reclamation of used moulding and core sands is defined as a treatment of waste refractory materials allowing to recover at least one component of properties similar to the properties of the new component and to reuse it for casting moulds and core production. In traditional technologies of casting moulds and core production on the basis of high-silica sands with binding agent addition, the recl...