In this study, a data set of 2922 lactating dairy cows in a sample of 64 conventional and organic dairy farms with Holstein Friesian cows in Germany and 31 conventional dairy farms with the dual purpose breed Fleckvieh in Austria was used to screen for correlations between the occurrences of different integument alterations. All cows were housed in cubicle systems. Alterations were classified a...

Skin eruption with mild itching of the hands and feet developed in a man in his 90s 1 month after he was hospitalized following a traffic accident. Scabies was diagnosed in an attending nurse 3 months after the patient's hospitalization, and infection from the patient was suspected. Cornification of the patient's soles and marked hypertrophy of the nails of both feet were observed. After a larg...

never demonstrated.1 The itch (in French "la gale") is a disease characterized by violent itching, pimples and scabs on the skin. Today it is accepted that the itching is due to an insect, the sarcoptes, burrowing tunnels into the dermis in order to deposit its eggs, cutting through both the dermis and the small vessels in its path. The tissue reacts, creating small vesicles filled with a serou...

Objectives To find the prevalence as well as to identify the predictors as protective and risk factors of Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods In this analytical cross sectional survey 83 children with ASD age range from 8 to 18 years were selected through convenient sampling technique from five special schools of Lahore city. The Urdu fo...

Parasitological examination was conducted in 10 cases of sudden death which occurred in calves raised in the southern part of Japan where sawdust litter confinement pens were used. Extensive infection of the small intestine with Strongyloides papillosus (SPL) was observed in every necropsied case. Inspection of the pens where the fatal cases were detected revealed the presence of a number of in...

Natural dermatophilosis (caused by Dermatophilus congolensis Van Saceghem, 1915) has only recently been described in camels (Camelus dromedarius). Further work has shown that the disease is actually widespread. At the Ol Maisor farm where it was first diagnosed (in the Laikipia district of northern Kenya), detailed investigations have revealed that thirty camels (ten calves and twenty adult ani...

OBJECTIVE To identify a strain of contagious ecthyma virus from goats that possesses the appropriate characteristics for an effective vaccine for goats. ANIMALS 25 goat kids used for vaccine development and 100 goat kids used for evaluation of vaccine efficacy. PROCEDURES 5 strains of contagious ecthyma virus were tested in a vaccination-challenge study to identify the best strain to be the...

Brucella melitensis is a highly infectious animal pathogen able to cause a recurring debilitating disease in humans and is therefore high on the list of biological warfare agents. Immunoglobulin genes from mice immunized with gamma-irradiated B. melitensis strain 16M were used to construct a library that was screened by phage display against similarly prepared bacteria. The selected phage parti...

BACKGROUND Detection of parapoxviruses is important in various animals as well as in humans as zoonotic infections. Reliable detection of parapoxviruses is fundamental for the exclusion of other rash-causing illnesses, for both veterinarians and medical practitioners. To date, however, no real-time PCR assay for the detection of parapoxviruses has been reported. METHODS A minor groove binder-...

Skin lesions were found in two 3–4-year-old Holstein cows in a dairy farm in Shiraz. Lesions were distributed mostly around the neck, forelimbs, hindlimbs, and bilateral of midline portion and varied from nodule-like structure to patch with extensive accumulation of crust. Skin scraping samples were taken from each animal and direct smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa and observed under a...