In order to determine the causal agents of Fusarium head blight, during 2015–16, wheat heads with disease symptom were collected from 10 and six main wheat production areas of Golestan and Mazandaran provinces (N Iran), respectively. A total of 431 Fusarium isolates were obtained belonging to nine Fusarium species based on their morphological characteristics. Fusarium graminearum species comple...

One of the biggest threats to coffee growers in East Africa are emerging vascular wilt diseases (tracheomycosis) caused by Fusarium spp. Many Trichoderma species are known to be natural antagonists of these pathogens and are widely used in biological control of fungal plant diseases. More recently, several Trichoderma spp., which exhibited high antifungal activity have been isolated as endophyt...

The genetic diversity of fungal endophytes in root, bark and twigs of four medicinally important plants, Azadirachta indica, Holarrhena antidysenterica, Terminalia arjuna and T. chebula were examined. Thirty isolates of Pestalotiopsis and two isolates of Bartalinia robillardoides were genotypically compared by RAPD techniques and 241 reproducible polymorphic bands were obtained using 23 random ...

Fnq26* Streptomyces cinnamonensis CAL34104 [2] Fur7* Streptomyces sp. KO-3988 BAE78975 [3] NphB* Streptomyces sp. Strain Cl190 1ZB6_A [4] NovQ* Streptomyces niveus DSM 40088 AAF67510 [5] EpzP* Streptomyces cinnamonensis ADQ43372 [6] PpzP* Streptomyces anulatus CAX48655 [7] PtfAt* Aspergillus terreus NIH2624 EAU39467 PtfBf* Botryotinia fuckeliana B05.10 EDN25735 PtfSs* Sclerotinia sclerotiorum 1...

In samples of benthic and bank river sediments of two urban rivers in Christchurch city (New Zealand), we identified and recovered isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hypovirulence-associated virus-1 (SsHADV-1), a fungus-infecting circular single-stranded DNA virus. This is the first report of SsHADV-1 outside of China and in environmental samples.

Effective plant defense strategies rely in part on the perception of non-self determinants, so-called microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), by transmembrane pattern recognition receptors leading to MAMP-triggered immunity. Plant resistance against necrotrophic pathogens with a broad host range is complex and yet not well understood. Particularly, it is unclear if resistance to necrotro...

A pernicious pathogen, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary has a wide geographic distribution and a diverse host range, including many agronomic crops (16). On soybean, S. sclerotiorum causes Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), a disease recognized as an important yield-reducing disease in the United States (41) and a major disease on soybean in Illinois (15). Partial resistance associated with eit...

Sclerotinia stem rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum affects canola production worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in plants, in response to both abiotic and biotic stress. So far, identification of lncRNAs has been limited to a few model plant species, and their roles in mediating responses to bi...

Biochemical variability among 20 Indian isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum collected from different hosts/soil samples from different localities in India is reported. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) analysis of ethyl acetate fraction of culture filtrate, mycelia, sclerotia and sclerotial exudate showed 15~23 peaks but only 11 could be identified. They were tannic, gallic, oxali...

Fungal secondary compounds and total extracts are known to affect growth of bacteria, fungi, and plants. This study tested the effects of purified compounds and total extracts from three lichens on the growth of two plant pathogens, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi ssp. americana and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Usnic acid showed no reduction in relative growth rates (RGR), whereas vulpinic acid reduced RGR f...