Background Farmers in developing countries use highly toxic organophosphate pesticides. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare plasma cholinesterase (PChE) enzyme activity before and after exposure to organophosphate pesticides in a real-life setting. Methods This was a prospective study conducted on 25 farmers spraying organophosphate pesticide in their farm. The PChE level was measured ...

The effectiveness of three operational strategies for the control of Triatoma dimidiata was compared by a field trial in the Department of Madriz, Nicaragua. One strategy involved full pretrial evaluation, followed by spraying of all houses irrespective of whether or not they had been found to be infested. The second strategy minimised the pretrial evaluation by considering the locality infeste...

This paper exploits variations in aerial spraying across time and space in Colombia and employs a panel of individual health records in order to study the causal effects of the aerial spraying of herbicides (glyphosate) on short-term health-related outcomes. Our results show that exposure to the herbicide used in aerial spraying campaigns increases the number of medical consultations related to...

Winter deicing and traffic spreads salt to road-adjacent Norway spruce trees in the form of spraying and salt slops. Our use of Na36Cl revealed roots as the main pathway of salt uptake. One-shot application of a concentrated Na36Cl solution to spruce saplings by both irrigation and spraying causes macroscopic damage to the needles and affects the needle phyllosphere. Irrigation affects the tree...

The hypothetical impact of conventional insecticidal spraying strategies on Tsetse fly is investigated in this work. The investigation is largely one of the effect of temperature on tsetse population dynamics and its reproductive cycle during spraying, given that cooler weather is preferred for the settling of insecticidal droplets. Conventional insecticidal spraying strategies are found to be ...

PAGE Introduction 209 Construction of the spraying tower ... ... ... ... ... ... 210 Adjustment of the atomiser ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 211 Spraying procedure ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 211 Determination of weight of deposit ... ... ... ... ... ... 212 Replication and distribution of deposits ... ... ... ... ... ... 213 Factors governing the weight of deposit ... ... ... ... ... .....

The purpose of this study was to examine safety observance when spraying pesticide and pesticide related symptoms among Korean farmers. As a cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted in rural communities and an investigation carried out by a structured survey of 135 farmers. The results are as follows: The mean of safety observance when spraying pesticides was 3.05±0.58 (range...

The image of thermal spray splats is difficult to collect due to its high velocity of droplets. Especial in High Velocity Oxy-Fuel (HVOF) process, the process present higher velocity of flame jet correlated to other thermal spray process. The system presents at this article describes a useful splats catching method to obtaining splats during thermal spray deposited. Capabilities and advantages ...