North Atlantic sea ice displacements are thought to play an important role in the abrupt Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles of the last glacial period. This model study investigates sea ice variability in glacial climates to help provide constraints on its involvement in D-O cycles. Sea ice variability in a coupled climate model simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum (21 ka) is concentrated in the...

OBJECTIVE Subjective response to alcohol (SR) has been shown to differ by gender, family history of alcoholism, drinking status, and cigarette smoking status. However, the requisite statistical basis for making mean-level comparisons (scalar measurement invariance; MI) has not been established for any SR measure, making it impossible to determine whether observed differences reflect true differ...

Because of limited wind fetch and shallow water depth, air-sea interaction in coastal oceans is very different from that in the open ocean. Surface waves in coastal oceans often have a sea state far from the fully-developed sea. As shown in recent observations (Donelan et al., 1993; Garrett, 1997), drag coefficient is a strong function of wave age. At the same wind speed, the air-sea momentum f...

The precise reason for the differences and out-of-phase relationship between the abrupt Dansgaard-Oeschger warmings in the Nordic seas and Greenland ice cores and the gradual warmings in the south-central Atlantic and Antarctic ice cores is poorly understood. Termed the bipolar seesaw, the differences are apparently linked to perturbations in the ocean circulation pattern. Here we show that sur...

North Atlantic sea ice anomalies are thought to play an important role in the abrupt Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) cycles of the last glacial period. This model study investigates the impacts of changes in North Atlantic sea ice extent in glacial climates to help provide geographical constraints on their involvement in D–O cycles. Based on a coupled climate model simulation of the Last Glacial Maxim...

To simulate the evolution of Holocene climate, forcing factors for the northern high-latitude climate are examined using different numerical models. A global coupled atmosphere–ocean circulation model driven by astronomical forcing over the last 7,000 years shows a long-term sea-surface temperature decrease in the Nordic Seas region associated with changes in seasonal insolation. A continuous c...

China's seas cover nearly 5 million square kilometers extending from the tropical to the temperate climate zones and bordering on 32,000 km of coastline, including islands. Comprehensive systematic study of the marine biodiversity within this region began in the early 1950s with the establishment of the Qingdao Marine Biological Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Since that time sci...