We examined melatonin profiles of ruin lizards in different seasons (spring, summer, and autumn) under light:dark (LD) and concomitant responses when transferred to continuous darkness (DD) to determine the degree to which previously reported seasonally dependent effects of pinealectomy on locomotor behavior are related to melatonin secretion. The amplitude of the melatonin rhythm and the amoun...

In order to reproduce successfully, animals must integrate multiple environmental cues to synchronize breeding with favorable conditions. In temperate, seasonally breeding rodents, photoperiod acts as the primary seasonal cue. Long days are associated with reproductive development and maturation of the gonads whereas short days induce gonadal regression. The neuropeptide kisspeptin has potent s...

The North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) have effects on California that are of interest to energy producers and consumers. In particular, changes in the NPO are associated with statewide shifts in simultaneous wintertime temperatures, and, to a lesser extent, temperatures in the following summer. Observations over the period 1960 to 2001 indicate that the...

Conditioning the data generating process of a time series on the season periodic time series models have become a promising tool for the analysis of processes exhibiting patterns of seasonal variation. From an econometric viewpoint such models have the appealing property that they are able to embed assumptions like seasonally varying utility functions, seasonal technologies etc. Since seasonal ...

TOTAL Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,909.3 1,911.5 1,916.9 1,918.1 1,918.9 1,922.7 1,925.9 1,927.2 1,937.8 1,940.6 1,942.8 1,945.7 1,944.5 Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337.0 337.1 338.4 338.0 337.1 337.8 337.0 336.3 337.2 338.1 340.6 341.4 340.3 Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

TOTAL Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,916.6 1,911.1 1,912.5 1,912.2 1,913.7 1,913.3 1,912.9 1,918.1 1,927.8 1,940.2 1,940.5 1,947.2 1,948.2 Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338.8 338.0 335.8 336.4 338.8 339.5 333.4 332.9 333.1 335.1 335.8 338.4 340.9 Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

Seasonal adjustment methods transform observed time series data into estimated data, where these estimated data are constructed such that they show no or almost no seasonal variation. An advantage of model-based methods is that these can provide con dence intervals around the seasonally adjusted data. One particularly useful time series model for seasonal adjustment is the basic structural time...

Mast cell populations in the vaginal cul-de-sac of female brushtail possums do not appear to be related to microbial invasion but changes in their density occur at oestrus, indicating a hormonal influence. The present study examined the effect of treatment with oestradiol on microflora and on mast cell numbers and their spatial location in cul-de-sac tissue of seasonally anoestrous brushtail po...

The hippocampal formation (HF) of food-storing birds is larger than non-storing species, and the size of the HF in food-storing Black-Capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) varies seasonally. We examined whether the volume of the septum, a medial forebrain structure that shares reciprocal connections with the HF, demonstrates the same species and seasonal variation as has been shown in the HF...