Erosion and sedimentation are normal geologic processes which are usually accelerated by irrigating agricultural lands. Of the sediment in irrigation runoff, 70% was removed in a sedimentation pond. Removal efficiency correlated well with flow rate and sediment concentration. Pond design should provide maximum velocity reduction early in pending, allow adequate storage space for the larger part...

Survival and settlement of Pocillopora damicornis larvae on hard surfaces covered with fine (<63 µm) terrigenous red clay was measured in laboratory Petri dishes. The dishes were prepared with sediment films of various thicknesses covering the bottoms. Coral larvae were incubated in the dishes for two weeks and the percent that settled on the bottom was determined. There was a statistically sig...

BACKGROUND Sorption and biodegradation are the primary processes of organic pollution remediation in aquatic and soil/sediment environments. While researchers have substantially reported their findings regarding these processes, little attention has been given to description of experimental apparatus. This technical paper aims to present the development and detailed design of a fixed-bed column...

The vast marine deep biosphere consists of microbial habitats within sediment, pore waters, upper basaltic crust and the fluids that circulate throughout it. A wide range of temperature, pressure, pH, and electron donor and acceptor conditions exists-all of which can combine to affect carbon and nutrient cycling and result in gradients on spatial scales ranging from millimeters to kilometers. D...

Accumulations of sediment beneath the Antarctic Ice Sheet contain a range of physical and chemical proxies with the potential to document changes in ice sheet history and to identify and characterize life in subglacial settings. Retrieving subglacial sediments and sediment cores presents several unique challenges to existing technologies. This paper briefly reviews the history of sediment sampl...

Isotope Evidence for Widespread Anoxia in Mid-Proterozoic Oceans’’ Arnold et al. (1) reported Mo isotope compositions of mid-Proterozoic black shale, which were different from those of euxinic sediments in the Black Sea. On the basis of a mass balance model calculation, they claimed that Bthe area of oxic sedimentation in the midProterozoic oceans was nearly a factor of 10 smaller than the mode...

A sediments form the ultimate repositories of past and ongoing discharges of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), many pesticides, and dioxins, as well as mercury (Hg) and methylmercury (MeHg). These sediment-bound pollutants serve as longterm exposure sources to aquatic ecosystems. Approximately 10% of the sediment underlying the United States' surface...

We determined the extent that a riparian buffer reduces stream suspended sediment concentrations by filtering road runoff during 18 rain events in a 2.5-ha, multi-use watershed in northern Thailand. The dominant buffer species was the perennial sedge Fimbristylis aphylla Zoll. ex Steud. (Cyperaceae). We monitored stream sediment concentration for situations where road runoff either flowed into ...

River Res Applic. 2017;1–13. Abstract The transport of water and sediment from rivers to adjacent floodplains helps generate complex floodplain, wetland, and riparian ecosystems. However, riverside levees restrict lateral connectivity of water and sediment during flood pulses, making the re‐introduction of floodplain hydrogeomorphic processes through intentional levee breaching and removal an e...

Continual sediment accumulation in Capitol Lake since the damming of the Deschutes River in 1951 has altered the initial morphology of the basin. As part of the Deschutes River Estuary Restoration Feasibility Study, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is modeling how tidal and storm processes will influence the river, lake and lower Budd Inlet should estuary restoration occur. Understand...