The extent of damage to crop plants from pest insects depends on the foraging behaviour of the insect's feeding stage. Little is known, however, about the genetic and molecular bases of foraging behaviour in phytophagous pest insects. The foraging gene (for), a candidate gene encoding a PKG-I, has an evolutionarily conserved function in feeding strategies. Until now, for had never been studied ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The phylogenetic relationships among 27 vetch species belonging to the subgenus Cracca of the genus Vicia were studied in comparison with three species of Lathyrus section Lathyrus on the basis of isozyme variation. METHODS Isozymes encoded by 15 putative loci of ten enzymes were resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isozyme variation was analysed by using par...

1. Subject and Source The group of fern from the genus Pteris (Pteridaceae) contains 250 cosmopolitan species (Mabberley, 1997). One species, P. cretica (Japanese name: ohbano-inomotoso) called Cretan brake fern is widely distributed in the temperate and warm area of Japan. Although some fern members of the family Pteridaceae are well known to contain carcinogenic C-14 illudane-type sesquiterpe...

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(Z)-11-Hexadecenyl acetate, the main pheromone component of Sesamia nonagrioides sex pheromone, is biosynthesized from palmitic acid by Delta(11)-desaturation followed by reduction and acetylation. Production of (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate is regulated by the Pheromone Biosynthesis Activating Neuropeptide (PBAN). Transformation of (Z)-11-hexadecen-1-ol into the corresponding acetate is a target ...

In previous studies, we demonstrated cross-antagonism in pheromone perception between pheromone components of the two corn (Zea mays L.) borers Sesamia nonagrioides Lefèbvre (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in the laboratory and in the field. The two pheromone components identified as responsible for this cross-antagonism were Z 11-16:Ald, a mino...

The 90% aqueous ethanol extract of an Egyptian natural medicine, the roots of Bryonia cretica L., was found to exhibit a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human leukemia U937 cells. By bioassay-guided fractionation, we isolated two new cucurbitane-type triterpene glycosides, bryoniaosides A and B, were isolated from the roots of Bryonia cretica L. together with 16 known cucurbita...