Marine seafloor ecosystems, and efforts to restore them, depend critically on the influx and settlement of larvae following their pelagic dispersal period. Larval dispersal and settlement patterns are driven by a combination of physical oceanography and behavioral responses of larvae to a suite of sensory cues both in the water column and at settlement sites. There is growing evidence that the ...

Three decapod species in the Gulf of Maine (American lobster Homarus americanus Milne Edwards, 1837, rock crab Cancer irroratus Say, 1817, and Jonah crab Cancer borealis Stimpson, 1859) were investigated to determine how their patterns of settlement and post-settlement abundance varied at different spatial and temporal scales. Spatial scales ranged from centimeters to hundreds of kilometers. Ab...

Storage effect theory describes conditions under which recruitment fluctuation can promote the coexistence of multiple species competing for a single resource. In communities of benthic marine animals, larval settlement is often highly variable, and it has long been suspected that settlement variability promotes coexistence via the storage effect, but no empirical studies have provided quantita...

Large value payment and securities settlement systems are important components of an economy's nancial system. Many such systems are operated by central banks and are liquidity intensive. Central banks often provide inexpensive liquidity to facilitate settlement. This leads to a number of policy questions about the provision of such liquidity. To answer these questions, central banks need to un...

Many workers have examined the processes influencing the recruitment of temperate marine invertebrates but comparatively little is kno'ivn about their tropical counterparts. Brachyuran crustaceans are important constituents of coral reefs, yet remain largely under-studied To examine the temporal patterns of tropical brachyuran larval abundances and postlarval settlement, we deployed 3 replicate...

The social complexion of Toronto’s urban landscape has been irreversibly altered since the 1960s as new waves of migrants from Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and Central and South America have replaced traditional white European migrant flows. We examine the very different residential settlement patterns of Toronto’s three largest racial minorities – Blacks, Chinese and South Asians. Unlike previ...

Mortality patterns from peak of settlement to d~spersal from the nursery area, concurrently with integration of juveniles into adult populations, of 3 llttoral fishes of the genus Diplodus (D. puntazzo. D. sargus, and D. vulgaris) (Family Spalidae) were studied between May 1993 and June 1996. Twenty-one stations were censused weekly, weather conditions permitting, along the Mediterranean coasts...

An increased understanding of the role of early life history stages in determining the distributions of benthic invertebrates require studies covering a wide range of habitats, and preferably multiple scales. For one of the more prominent invertebrate groups, intertidal barnacles, much of our existing knowledge is drawn from studies of rocky shores, with few studies from other habitats. Here, w...

There is much ongoing research about the effect of the urban environment as compared with individual behaviour on growing obesity levels, including food environment, settlement patterns (e.g., sprawl, walkability, commuting patterns), and activity access. This paper considers obesity variations between US counties, and delineates the main dimensions of geographic variation in obesity between co...