Read all questions carefully. Answer all questions in the space provided. You may use scratch paper to do your work but only answers recorded on the test paper will be graded. Be as concise as possible. Note: the questions on this sample are all questions asked on past midterms, but this sample is longer than an hour test. Also, some of these questions turned out to be not great, so I probably ...

BACKGROUND There are numerous clinical and experimental studies reporting unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on skin flaps. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether unfavourable effects of cigarette smoke on flap survival could be reduced by botulinum toxin type A. METHODS Twenty-eight male Wistar albino rats (15 months of age, mean weight 210 g [range 180 g to 230 g]) were included. They were...

Fusarium oxysporum strain CS-20 reduces incidence of Fusarium wilt in tomato and other crops. To be integrated into most production systems, strain CS-20 must be compatible with other management practices. We assessed the compatibility of strain CS-20 with seven fungicides recommended for tomato in Maryland. Radial growth of strain CS-20 was recorded on agar medium amended with various concentr...

Environmental stimuli predictive of appetitive events can elicit Pavlovian approach responses that enhance an organism's ability to track and secure natural rewards, but may also contribute to the compulsive nature of drug addiction. Here, we examined the activity of individual nucleus accumbens (NAc) neurons during an autoshaping paradigm. One conditioned stimulus (CS+, a retractable lever pre...

This systematic literature review investigates whether corporate sustainability (CS), according to the triple bottom line concept (TBL), is implemented in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) further identifies associated drivers. Building on upper echelon theory (UET) Schwartz value system (SVS) this study aims analyze contextualize extant empirical research. We developed a PRISMA-based f...

Two proteoglycans differing in size and composition were isolated from human follicular fluid. The larger one of high density had a molecular mass of 3.0x10(6) Da, as determined by laser light-scattering, and was substituted with 15-20 chondroitin sulphate (CS) chains (Mr 60000-65000). Half of the CS disaccharides were 6-sulphated, whereas the remaining ones were non-sulphated. Digestion of the...

This paper summarizes the results from the engineering effort during Phase I of the ARIES-CS study, covering the different blanket configurations and maintenance schemes that were considered and assessed. The main design parameters are summarized and key issues are discussed including the impact of different physics configurations on the engineering choices. These results will be used as the ba...

PURPOSE To evaluate myocardial contractility during ST segment depression in healthy parturients during Cesarean section (CS). METHODS Forty-seven consecutive term parturients undergoing elective CS under spinal anesthesia were studied. The ST segment was recorded continuously on leads II and V5 using a Holter monitor. Myocardial performance was evaluated by measuring cardiac index (CI), hear...

Data quality (DQ) is a major concern in citizen science (CS) programs and often raised as an issue among critics of the CS approach. We examined reviewed kinds data they produce to inform communities strategies DQ control. From our review literature experiences with CS, we identified seven primary types contributions. Citizens can carry instrument packages, invent or modify algorithms, sort cla...

our primary objective was to measure root canal penetrations of aqueous antibacterial nano-chitosan (nano-cs), for the first time. the second objective was to compare and contrast such penetrations to those of chitosan (cs) itself, as well as sodium hypochlorite (naocl), chlorhexidine (chx) and ethylenediamintetraacetic acid (edta), at the routinely used concentrations. molar roots were split l...