1. Background 2. The SBR technology for wastewater treatment 3. Physical description of the SBR system 3.1 FILL Phase 3.2 REACT Phase 3.3 SETTLE Phase 3.4 DRAW or DECANT Phase 3.5 IDLE Phase 4. Components and configuration of SBR system 5. Control of biological reactions through operating strategies 6. Design of SBR reactor 7. Costs of SBR 8. Case studies 8.1 Quakers Hill STP 8.2 SBR for Nutrie...

KVWPCA operates a waste water treatment plant in Leechburg, Pennsylvania, about 40 kilometers (25 miles) northeast of Pittsburgh on the flood plain of the Kiskiminetas River. From 1976 to 1993, KVWPCA treated sewage sludge by incineration. KVWPCA disposed of the resulting sewage sludge ash by mixing it with water to form a liquid slurry and pumping this material into an onsite lagoon. Discharge...

Morehead City, North Carolina, faced a moratorium on new construction because of problems with its sewage system. We developed an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) transfer function-intervention model to help town officials explain the sources of variation in the volume of sewage-treatment-plant discharge to the state officials who had imposed the moratorium on extending the sewa...

BACKGROUND Sewage treatment plants are considered to be the hotspots for antibiotic resistance transfer among bacterial species. Many fecal bacteria including Enterococci circulate and are exposed to antibiotic residues in this environment. Being as one of the most common cause of nosocomial infections, special concerns have risen worldwide about the rate and characteristics of Enterococci (esp...

The study was focused on two goals: (i) the confirmation of the existence of a general relation between the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sewage sludge and in plants growing in it, regardless of the type and content of sewage sludge, and (ii) if so, the answer to the question whether the uptake of PAHs by plants depends on their type. To realize the set aims, the content...

The occurrence and fate of five acidic drugs (Mefenamic acid, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Diclofenac and Clofibric acid) were analysed in three sewage treatment plants (STP) over 4-7 consecutive days. The results point out that the five substances were persistent in wastewater effluents after municipal wastewater treatment. At the most, half of Mefenamic acid was eliminated. Ibuprofen was well remov...

Abstract—In recent decades with the development of technology and lack of food sources, sewage sludge in production of human foods is inevitable. Various sources of municipal and industrial sewage sludge that is produced can provide the requirement of plant nutrients. Soils in arid, semi-arid climate of central Iran that most affected by water drainage, iron and zinc deficiencies, using of sewa...

background sewage sludge (biosolids) is a byproduct of wastewater treatment that accumulates in large quantities. effective stabilization and disinfection of sewage sludge prior to land application are necessary to not only protect human health, but also to induce the public its benefits and safety. currently, many wastewater treatment plants in iran dispose great amounts of untreated sewage sl...