Introduction: Heterogeneity correction is an important parameter in dose calculation for cancer patients where it may be cause inaccuracy in dose calculation as a result of different densities of patients. This study studied the impact of dose calculation of breast cancer patients with and without heterogeneity correction. Material and Methods: Twenty breast cancer patients were treated with Th...

Lightweight steel framing is a method in housing and construction that have been widely used in lightweight steel construction. In this method, the structure is built by cold formed steel elements. They are cost-effective, light, and easy to assemble. However, the performance of lateral load resisting systems in cold-formed steel structures specially the behavior of cold-formed steel shear wall...

Dissipation approximations have been used to calculate the drag on bubbles and drops and the decay rate of free gravity waves on water. In these approximations, viscous effects are calculated by evaluating the viscous stresses on irrotational flows. The pressure is not involved in the dissipation integral, but it enters into the power of traction integral, which equals the dissipation. A viscou...

Presented here is a new total-Lagrangian displacement-based finite-element formulation for plates and shells undergoing large displacements and rotations. The theory fully accounts for geometric nonlinearities, general initial curvatures, and extensionality by using Jaumann stress and strain measures, an exact coordinate transformation, and orthogonal virtual rotations. Moreover, transverse she...

This paper presents investigation carried out, including experimental and numerical studies, on low-rise shear-dominated brick masonry structures for the calculation of force reduction factor R. Basic experimental tests were conducted on masonry constituent materials for mechancial characterization. In-plane quasi-static cyclic tests were conducted on twelve full scale brick masonry walls, to u...

In order to correct the image distortion created by the mixing/shear layer, creative and effectual correction methods are necessary. First, a method combining adaptive optics (AO) correction with a digital micro-mirror device (DMD) is presented. Second, performance of an AO system using the Phase Diverse Speckle (PDS) principle is characterized in detail. Through combining the DMD method with P...

Dynamic response of microemulsions to shear deformation on the basis of twoorder-parameter time dependent Ginzburg-Landau model is investigated by means of cell dynamical system approach. Time evolution of anisotropic factor and excess shear stress under steady shear flow is studied by changing shear rate and total amount of surfactant. As the surfactant concentration is increased, overshoot pe...

Platelet activation in blood flow under high, overcritical shear rates is initiated by Von Willebrand factor. Despite the large amount of experimental data that have been obtained, the value of the critical shear rate, above which von Willebrand factor starts to activate platelets, is still controversial. Here, we recommend a theoretical approach to elucidate how the critical blood shear rate i...