The pattern of motor paralysis that commonly follows C6 tetraplegia creates an increased demand on upper limb function . The present investigation documented shoulder motion and muscular activity during planar motions and four activities of daily living (ADLs) in 15 men with spinal cord injuries (SCI) resulting in C6 tetraplegia. Three-dimensional (3-D) shoulder motion was recorded using a VICO...

Malignant tumors involving the shoulder girdle can arise from four distinct locations: the proximal humerus, scapula, periscapular muscles, and axillary structures. This article describes a utilitarian shoulder approach that can be used to resect these tumors.

PURPOSE Two potential mechanisms leading to postural and osseous shoulder deformity after brachial plexus birth palsy are muscle imbalance between functioning internal rotators and paralyzed external rotators and impaired longitudinal growth of paralyzed muscles. Our goal was to evaluate the combined and isolated effects of these 2 mechanisms on transverse plane shoulder forces using a computat...

Suppose that someone bumps into your arm at a party while you are holding a glass of wine. Motion of the disturbed arm will engage rapid and goal-directed feedback responses in the upper-limb. Although such responses can rapidly counter the perturbation, it is also clearly desirable not to destabilize your grasp and/or spill the wine. Here we investigated how healthy humans maintain a stable gr...

BACKGROUND Pain and dysfunction of the shoulder complex are commonly found physiotherapy practice. These musculoskeletal abnormalities are related to instability and inadequate kinematic function, that depend on the integrity of the muscle tissues. Thus, to enhance the results of exercise therapies, and prevent and attenuate pain and dynfunction, the use of oscillatory pole has been implemented...

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate changes in electromyographic (EMG) activity of the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles during shoulder external rotation under different shoulder flexion angles. [Subjects] Thirteen participants were included in this study. [Methods] The participants performed isometric shoulder external rotation at 45°, 90°, and 135° of shoulder flexio...

It is known that the anterior shoulder region characterized by unique structural features and anatomical relationships play an important role in functioning of shoulder. Understanding topography bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves, vessels necessary to eff ectively diagnose pathology, particularly with dysfunctions various genesis trauma. Examination a patient complaints pain, depending on degree ...

40 Previous studies in neurologically intact subjects have shown that motor coordination can be 41 described by task-dependent combinations of a few muscle synergies, defined here as a fixed 42 pattern of activation across a set of muscles. Arm function in severely impaired stroke survivors 43 is characterized by stereotypical postural and movement patterns involving the shoulder and 44 elbow. ...

STUDY DESIGN Repeated-measures design comparing 7 static weight-bearing shoulder exercises. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine the demand on shoulder musculature during weight-bearing exercises and the relationship between increasing weight-bearing posture and shoulder muscle activation. BACKGROUND Weight-bearing shoulder exercises are commonly prescribed in the rehabilita...

Manual wheelchair propulsion places considerable physical demand on the upper extremity and is one of the primary activities associated with the high prevalence of upper extremity overuse injuries and pain among wheelchair users. As a result, recent effort has focused on determining how various propulsion techniques influence upper extremity demand during wheelchair propulsion. However, an impo...