infections of the cerebrospinal shunts and other neurosurgical structures are not uncommon in the clinical practice. these infections are mostly clinical emergencies carrying negative prognostic impacts on the patients as well as spending healthcare resources. the low pathogenicity nature of some implicated pathogens results in minimal physical signs that may complicate the diagnosis and mislea...

Objective: To determine whether smaller atrial shunts (large persistent foramen ovale (PFO) and small atrial septal defect (ASD)) are inherited and whether this has a role in the inheritance of migraine with aura. Methods: Contrast echocardiography was used to detect atrial shunts in 71 relatives of 20 probands with a significantly sized atrial shunt (large PFO or ASD). Four families with three...

Lung arteriovenous (AV) shunts or malformations cause significant morbidity and mortality in several distinct clinical syndromes. For most patients with lung AV shunts, there is still no optimal treatment. The underlying molecular and cellular etiology for lung AV shunts remains elusive, and currently described animal models have insufficiently addressed this problem. Using a tetracycline-repre...

BACKGROUND Hydrocephalus in cryptococcal meningoencephalitis is most commonly managed with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. This study applied cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate initial disease severity on long-term cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics and associated neuropsychological sequelae in cryptococcal meningoencephalitis patients with and without ventriculoperitoneal shu...

Results Twelve (12) children received a stent and 23 received shunts. Age (days) and weight (kg) respectively were 59.2 ± 30.9, 3.7 ± 0.9 for stent patients and 64.2 ± 40.9, 3.9 ± 1.3, for shunt patients (p, NS for age and weight). Pre-procedural saturations and pulmonary artery size (mean branch size in mm) were 74.6% ± 13.6, 4.8 ± 1.3 for shunts and 76.7 ± 11.2, 3.9 ± 0.8 for stents (p, NS sa...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Fetal pleural effusions are either primary or secondary to chromosomal or structural fetal abnormalities. In both cases, thoraco-amniotic shunts may be indicated to prevent life-threatening consequences. In this report, we describe a rare complication of shunts and successful in utero management of this complication. We also summarize the prior reports of shunt wrappin...

In 260 patients with intracardiac shunts, indicator-dilution curves were recorded immediately after corrective operations. In every patient, the effectiveness of the repair was also determined at late postoperative cardiac catheterization or necropsy. In 248 patient (96 per cent) the presence or absence of a shunt, determined from the intraoperative curves, was confirmed by the findings at post...

The acoustic impedance at the diaphragm of an electroacoustic transducer can be varied using a range of basic electrical control strategies, amongst which are electrical shunt circuits. These passive shunt techniques are compared to active acoustic feedback techniques for controlling the acoustic impedance of an electroacoustic transducer. The formulation of feedback-based acoustic impedance co...