Using a conventional reflection high-energy electron diffraction gun together with an electron energy loss spectrometer, we have combined in situ measurements of inelastic scattering intensities from Si L2 s and Ge L2,3 core losses with reflection electron diffraction data in order to analyze the initial stages of Ge heteroepitaxy on Si(OO1). Diffraction data indicate an initial layer-by-layer ...

Considering tactile sensors there are two ways to acquire object information. These are spatial sensing with two dimensional devices and fast sensing with simple devices. Because the reflection-type tactile sensor uses a reflection image, both methods can be employed. Though there exist some dynamic characteristics in these two ways. In this study, we first validate the hysteresis of the reflec...

For dielectric inhomogeneous objects, the perceived reflections are the linear combinations of diffuse and specular reflection components. Specular reflection plays an important role in the fields of image analysis, pattern recognition, and scene synthesis. Several methods for the separation of the diffuse and the specular reflection components have been presented based on image segmentation or...

We study Neumann type boundary value problems for nonlocal equations related to Lévy processes. Since these equations are nonlocal, Neumann type problems can be obtained in many ways, depending on the kind of “reflection” we impose on the outside jumps. To focus on the new phenomenas and ideas, we consider different models of reflection and rather general non-symmetric Lévy measures, but only s...

A simple and intuitive geometical method to analyze Fresnel formulas is presented. It applies to transparent media and is valid for perpendicular and parallel polarizations. The approach gives a graphical characterization particularly simple of the critical and Brewster angles. It also provides an interpretation of the relation between the reflection coefficients for both basic polarizations as...

A simple and intuitive geometical method to analyze Fresnel formulas is presented. It applies to transparent media and is valid for perpendicular and parallel polarizations. The approach gives a graphical characterization particularly simple of the critical and Brewster angles. It also provides an interpretation of the relation between the reflection coefficients for both basic polarizations as...