The hiccup reflex arc involving the brainstem, phrenic and vagus nerves, and the sympathetic chain is associated with singultus. There are many possible organic, psychogenic, idiopathic, and iatrogenic instigators. We describe a case of singultus in a 69-year-old man secondary to his CPAP mask, with resolution after he stopped using the mask. Our case establishes that CPAP may be a cause of iat...

We usually focus on the perceived benefits of new automated or computerized devices. Our fascination with the possibilities afforded by technology in general often obscures the fact that new computerized and automated devices also create new burdens and complexities for the individuals and teams of practitioners responsible for operating, troubleshooting, and managing highconsequence systems. F...

This paper presents a brief history of Systems Theory, progresses to Systems Biology, and its relation to the more traditional investigative method of reductionism. The emergence of Systems Medicine represents the application of Systems Biology to disease and clinical issues. The challenges faced by this transition from Systems Biology to Systems Medicine are explained; the requirements of phys...