background: the purpose of this study is to fabricate inexpensive in-house low cost homogeneous and heterogeneous human equivalent thorax phantom and assess the dose accuracy of the treatment planning systems (tps) calculated values for different lung treatment dosimetery. it is compared with thermoluminescent dosimeter (tld) measurement. materials and methods: homogeneous and heterogeneous tho...

A pre-patient attenuator ("bowtie filter" or "bowtie") is used to modulate an incoming x-ray beam as a function of the angle of the x-ray with respect to a patient to balance the photon flux on a detector array. While the current dynamic bowtie design is focused on fan-beam geometry, in this study we propose a methodology for dynamic bowtie design in multi-slice/cone-beam geometry. The proposed...

Classical phantom types are datatypes in which type constraints are expressed using type variables that do not appear in the datatype cases themselves. They can be used to embed typed languages into Haskell or ML. However, while such encodings guarantee that only wellformed data can be constructed, they do not permit type-safe deconstruction without additional tagging and run-time checks. We in...

background: this study assessed the clinical usefulness of the solid phantom, which may compensate for the disadvantages of the water phantom, by comparing the radiological doses between the two depending on their depths. materials and methods: the experimental equipment used was a linear accelerator for medical use, water phantom, solid phantom, farmer type ion chamber and electrometer. the di...

The present study quantified surface doses on several rectangular phantom setups and on curved surface phantoms for a 6 MV photon field using the Attix parallel-plate chamber and Gafchromic EBT2 film. For the rectangular phantom setups, the surface doses on a homogenous water equivalent phantom and a water equivalent phantom with 60 mm thick lung equivalent material were measured. The measureme...

The unified property specifies that a comparison-based search structure can quickly find an element nearby a recently accessed element. Iacono [Iac01] introduced this property and developed a static search structure that achieves the bound. We present a dynamic search structure that achieves the unified property and that is simpler than Iacono’s structure. Among all comparison-based dynamic sea...