The black flies of the genus Inaequalium present a Neotropical distribution, with Panama at the northern limit, and the Argentinian pampas at the southern, but do not occur in the Central Amazon. This study offers a cladistic analysis establishing a hypothesis of relationships between the species of Inaequalium. A total of 37 characters have been considered in order to establish the hypothetic ...

Insects of the Simuliidae family have been the object of control in Rio Grande do Sul since the 70s. Their constant attacks became a social-economical problem as well as a problem of Public Health, with serious consequences to men and to the economy of the areas in which the insects develop. At first, the control was done with a chemical larvicide Themephos ABATE 500 E, but an imperfect measuri...

Species of the Simulium (Simulium) melanopus species-group in Sabah are taxonomically revised by examining type specimens of S. (S.) crassimanum S. (S.) laterale, and S. (S.) nigripilosum, all described from females by Edwards in 1933, and newly collected samples from the vicinity of Mt. Kinabalu. The females of these three species are redescribed, and their males and pupae are described for th...

Simulium Indicum Becher, a man-biting species, is reviewed in detail. The female of this species is redescribed. The male of Simulium nodosum Puri is described for the first time and supplementary notes on the female, pupa and larva are presented.

Systematic knowledge of the Neotropical Simuliidae has been accumulating quickly and there are 351 valid Neotropical species (Coscarón et al. 2008, Adler & Crosskey 2010, Hamada et al. 2010). Over the past 10 years, 67 taxonomic papers involving 20 researchers, as well as two extensive manuals, have been published (Coscarón & Coscarón-Arias 2007, Shelley et al. 2010), resulting in the descripti...

The paper provides a short review of blackfly cytogenetics. The most important characters of blackfly karyotypes, such as centromeres, puffs, Balbiani rings, nucleoli, sex-chromosome determining systems and B-chromosomes are considered. Interchromosomal homozygous translocations and a tandem fusion of polytene chromosomes are described. Evolutionary trends in karyotypic changes are discussed.

The present study investigated whether invertebrate body burdens can be used to predict metal-induced effects on aquatic invertebrate communities. Total dissolved metal levels and four invertebrate taxa (Leuctra sp., Simuliidae, Rhithrogena sp. and Perlodidae) were sampled in 36 headwater streams located in the north-west part of England. Using the River Invertebrate Prediction and Classificati...