Clavulanic acid is produced industrially by fermentation of Streptomyces clavuligerus and researches have increased its production by strain improvement, recombinant DNA technology, and media composition and growth condition optimization. The main objective of this study was to increase the level of clavulanic acid production from Streptomyces clavuligerus (DSM 738), using UV irradiation. After...

A protocol combining recombination PCR and long-distance PCR is demonstrated to be highly accurate and rapid for site-directed mutagenesis of large (> 10 kb) plasmids. Application of this protocol to the generation of mutant rabies virus glycoproteins expressed by the baculovirus/insect cell system illustrates the usefulness of this approach in facilitating structure-function relationships in t...

P53 tumor suppressor gene, also known as “genome guardian” is mutated in more than half of allkind of cancers. In this study we have investigated the controls of environmental pH for P53 genemutation in point of specific sequence which is prone to mutagenesis. The most probable cancerousmutations occur as point mutations in exons 5-8 of P53 gene. The 175th codon of P53 is the thirdmost mutated ...

Abstract Protein dynamics are often invoked in explanations of enzyme catalysis, but their design has proven elusive. Here we track the role evolution, starting from evolvable and thermostable ancestral protein Anc HLD-RLuc which catalyses both dehalogenase luciferase reactions. Insertion-deletion (InDel) backbone mutagenesis challenged scaffold dynamics. Screening for activities reveals InDel ...

The QuikChangeTM protocol is one of the simplest and fastest methods for site-directed mutagenesis, but introduces mutations at only one site at a time, and requires two HPLC-purified complementary oligonucleotides. Here, we describe that this method can be used with non-overlapping oligonucleotides. By doing this, two separate sites can be mutagenised simultaneously, or money can be saved by u...