Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are associated with red hair and fair skin color. We assessed the associations of common MC1R genotypes with the risks of 3 types of skin cancer simultaneously in a nested case-control study within the Nurses' Health Study (219 melanoma, 286 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and 300 basal cell carcinoma (BCC) cases, and 873 controls). We found that the ...

The spatial distributions of melanin and hemoglobin in human skin are separated by independent-component analysis of a skin color image. The analysis is based on the skin color model with three assumptions: (1) Spatial variation of color in the skin is caused by two pigments, melanin and hemoglobin; (2) the quantities of the two pigments are mutually independent spatially; and (3) linearity hol...

BACKGROUND Skin pigmentation is a key factor for UV radiation exposure related cancers. To appropriately target cancer control activities related to this exposure and for better representation in epidemiologic studies, a valid and reliable assessment of skin color is required. METHODS The validity and reliability of two self-report measures were assessed: skin color and erythemal sensitivity....

Techniques for color-based tracking of faces or hands often assume a static skin model yet skin color, as measured by a camera, can change when lighting changes. Therefore, for robust skin pixel detection, an adaptive skin color model must be employed. We demonstrate a chromaticity-based constraint to select training pixels in a scene for updating a dynamic skin color model under changing illum...

A new skin segmentation technique for color images is proposed. The proposed technique uses a human skin color model that is based on the Bayesian decision theory and developed using a large training set of skin colors and nonskin colors. The proposed technique is novel and unique in that texture characteristics of the human skin are used to select appropriate skin color thresholds for skin seg...

Although the color measurement of facial skin becomes more common in dermatology and cosmetics, little is known about the relationship between subjective color perception and colorimetric values in facial skin. In this study, the possible relationships among perceived whiteness and the metric lightness, chroma and hue angle of Japanese females’ facial skin color were investigated. First, the pe...

It is widely accepted that skin-color is an effective and robust cue for face detection, localization and visual tracking. Well-known methods of color modeling, such as histograms and Gaussian mixture models enable creation of appropriately exact and fast detectors of skin. In particular, skin color-based methods are robust to changes in scale, resolution and partial occlusion. In real scenario...

This paper presents an efficient skin segmentation algorithm which depends on integration of different color models. Among different low level features such as edge, shape, color, texture; color processing is computationally fast and easy to implement. Color constancy is the ability of human vision system to resolve object colors in a scene independent of the illuminant. Skin color is one of th...

Human skin color shows variations throughout life and influenced by various factors such as race, sex, age and hormones. Since the development of spectrophotometer, many studies on human skin color have been done. However, few studies have been carried out to measure the skin color of neonatal infants. The aim of our study was to assess the variations in skin color according to site, gestationa...