Erythema migrans (EM), persistent skin infection, and visceral dissemination can be induced reproducibly in the adult male New Zealand White rabbit by intradermal injection of as few as 10(3) Borrelia burgdorferi. EM was found to persist for 7 +/- 3 d. Skin culture positivity (infection) cleared within a mean of 6.7 +/- 1.4 wk after infection and similarly visceral infection was not demonstrate...

Background: Central Venous Catheters (CVCs) are used not only as a tool to access to central venous system, but also for hemodynamic monitoring, parenteral nutrition, chemotherapy and hemodialysis. The use of CVCs is associated with some complications notably infections that are troublesome both to patient and physician. We conducted this study to examine catheter fixation with skin fold techni...

Background: Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are human pathogens that establish lytic and latent infections. Reactivation from latency occurs intermittently, which represents a life-long source for recurrent infection. The role of immune factors in the control of recurrent symptomatic HSV lesions is complex and the exact role of cytokines remains unclear. Objective: To assess the levels of tumor ne...

conclusions: prevalence of hsv1/2 in mucocutaneous biopsies from pemphigus patients is 2.5% and possibly hsv1/2 has no role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus lesions. but resistant cases to treatment might be suspected to hsv. results: ten patients (25%) had a history of orolabial herpes infection. the results of all samples were negative for hsv1 except one sample which showed the positive resu...

Background: Cupping is widely used in Korean medicine, but there a risk of bacterial infection if the suction pump (used for inducing negative pressure) and patients’ skin are not separated. This study aimed to investigate effect layer cupping by comparing pressure changes between conventional cupping.Methods: To evaluate was designed with 3 types conditions applied model: (1) Dongbang cup manu...

Langerhans cells (LC) are skin-resident antigen-presenting that regulate immune responses to epithelial commensal and pathogenic microorganisms. Infection of skin by human papillomavirus (HPV) is commonly persistant can promote malignant transformation. As LCs considered important in control HPV infection, we compared the transcriptome from transformed oncogenic E7 protein HPV16 healthy skin. W...

background malassezia species as skin microflora of humans and other warm-blooded vertebrates are the lipophilic yeasts associated with various human diseases, especially pityriasis versicolor (pv). objectives the objective of this study was to identify the malassezia species of scraped skin of pv patients in yazd, iran, using morphological, biochemical and physiological methods. we also compar...

Trichophyton rubrum is an anthropophilic fungi and has recently become the most common and widely distributed dermatophyte, isolated of man. The infection usually present as superficial scaling annular patches, but the lesions may involved the extensive area of skin.  A case of multiple cutaneous lesions due to T.rubrum with scaling annular patches and well marginated in much of the skin and in...