This study was motivated by the two-dimensional hydrodynamic slamming problem of a steep wave hitting a vertical wall. The fundamental problem considers dual impact on the wall at the lower and upper region resembling the impact of a wave at the time of its breaking. The solution method results into a mixedboundary value problem that involves a triplet of trigonometrical series which, to the au...

• Maximum speed in a seaway: 'involuntary' speed reduction due to added resistance in waves and 'voluntary' speed reduction to avoid excessive motions, loads etc. • Route optimization (routing) to minimize, e.g., transport time, fuel consumption, or total cost. • Structural design of the ship with respect to loads in seaways. • Habitation comfort and safety of people on board: motion sickness, ...

The perturbations existing on a breaking wavefront can be potential explanation for the slamming pressure variability in wave impacts. Here, we investigate effect of these by forced vertical two-dimensional circular cylinder with constant downward velocity standing waves. Through experimental modelling and numerical simulation, force is measured several amplitudes wavelengths. phase tuned such ...