The Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated (SANI) process is a sulfur cycle-based biological carbon and nitrogen removal process that has been developed in Hong Kong to close the loop between the hybrid water supply and saline sewage treatment. The major bioreactor of this new technology is a Sulfate-Reducing Up-flow Sludge Bed (SRUSB) that convers organics ...

The effect of COD/N ratio on the granulation process and microbial population succession was investigated. Four identical sequencing batch reactors, R1, R2, R3 and R4, were operated with various initial COD/N ratios ranging from 0/200 to 800/200 (m/m). Ethanol was fed as the source of COD. Aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in R2 and R3, operating with the COD/N ratio of 200/200 and ...

Anaerobic digestion is a common method for reducing the amount of sludge solids in used waters and enabling biogas production. The wet oxidation process (WOX) improves anaerobic digestion by converting carbon into methane through oxidation of organic compounds. WOX produces effluents rich in ammonia, which must be removed to maintain the activity of methanogens. Ammonia removal from WOX could b...

Simultaneous formaldehyde biodegradation, urea hydrolysis and denitrification in anoxic batch assays and in a continuous laboratory anoxic reactor were investigated. In batch assays, the initial formaldehyde biodegradation rate was around 0.7 g CH(2)Og VSS(-1)d(-1) and independent of the urea concentration (90- 370 mg N-NH(2)CONH(2)l(-1)). Urea was completely hydrolyzed to ammonium in the prese...

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) is based on self-granulated flocs forming mobile biofilms with a gel-like consistence. Bacterial and structural dynamics from flocs to granules were followed in anaerobic-aerobic sequencing batch reactors (SBR) fed with synthetic wastewater, namely a bubble column (BC-SBR) operated under wash-out conditions for fast granulation, and two stirred-tank enrichments of ...

This study was aimed at introducing a novel bioflocculant to enhance anaerobic granulation in a UASB reactor for lowstrength synthetic wastewater and comparing the effect with synthetic polymers. A laboratory-scale study was undertaken to achieve this goal. Four identical UASB reactors were operated in parallel in the treatment of low-strength synthetic wastewater over 136d at 35 ± 1 °C. One un...

The contents presented in this paper focuses on the performance of UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor for treating various industrial and domestic wastewaters at various operating conditions. The reactors can be used conveniently for the treatment of tannery, distillery, food processing, metal mining, dairy, domestic wastewater etc. The performance of the reactor mainly depends on t...

The process of granule formation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors was studied using oligonucleotide hybridization probes. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were inoculated with sieved primary anaerobic digester sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant and operated similarly except that reactor G was fed glucose, while reactor GP was fed glucose and propionate. Size ...

Polyvinyl alcohol-containing desizing wastewater discharged within final textile wastewater has a great impact to the environment due to its poor biodegradability. An improved lab-scale hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor was developed to treat desizing wastewater. The modification was achieved by increasing the height of hybrid anaerobic baffled reactor and application of proper effluent recycle ...