This study assessed the relationship between menthol use and nicotine dependence. Data from the National Youth Tobacco Survey indicated that menthol cigarette use was significantly more common among newer, younger smokers. Additionally, youth who smoked menthol cigarettes had significantly higher scores on a scale of nicotine dependence compared with nonmenthol smokers, controlling for demograp...

BACKGROUND Research has shown that living in a smoke-free home has a positive effect on adolescents' perceived acceptance of smoking. However, the relationship between smoke-free homes and adolescent smoking behaviours remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the association between smoke-free homes and smoking susceptibility among high school students, and to determine whether the...

BACKGROUND To curb the tobacco epidemic a combination of comprehensive interventions are needed at different levels. Smoking uptake is a multi-factorial process that includes societal factors as well as social and individual characteristics. An understanding of the process is essential in order to model interventions. The aim of this study was to explore the role of smoking for young smokers by...

BACKGROUND Schools in many countries undertake programmes for smoking prevention, but systematic reviews have shown mixed evidence of their effectiveness. Most peer-led approaches have been classroom-based, and rigorous assessments are scarce. We assessed the effectiveness of a peer-led intervention that aimed to prevent smoking uptake in secondary schools. METHODS We undertook a cluster rand...

OBJECTIVES To isolate the independent influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on youth smoking uptake. METHODS We used discrete time survival analysis to quantify the influence of exposure to smoking and other adult content in the movies on transitioning from (1) closed to open to smoking; (2) never to ever trying smoking; and (3) never to ever hitting, slapping...

CONTEXT Understanding how advertising and other risk and demographic factors affect adolescent susceptibility to smoking would allow for the development of more effective youth-targeted tobacco prevention and cessation programs and policies. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of various demographic and risk factors on different stages of smoking among adolescents. DESIGN A nationally represent...

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is an import­ant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, estimated to occur in approximately 1-2% pregnancies worldwide. Smoking history using intrauterine devices are risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. This study aims estimate the magnitude relationship between smoking a on incidence based number previous primary studies. Subjects Method: syste­matic review me...