Climate change has a complex effect on snow at the regional scale. The change in snow patterns under climate change remains unknown for certain regions. Here, we used high spatiotemporal resolution snow-related variables simulated by a weather research and forecast model (WRF) including snowfall, snow water equivalent and snow depth along with fractional snow cover (FSC) data extracted from Mod...

Original scientific paper Determining snowmelt runoff share of watershed basins with snow and wet snow regimes is one of the main concerns of the experts in water resources field, assessment of which has been done so far with difficulties and high rate of error due to lack of snow survey and weather stations in highlands of basin and use of traditional surveying methods. Lack of integrated mana...

Based on periodical snow cover mapping by NOAA satellites, contributions to runoff from seasonal snow cover, intermittent snowfalls and rain are evaluated in relation to the altitude in the basins of the rivers Ganges (917 444 km) and Brahmaputra (547 346 km) in an altitude range from 0 to 8848 m a.s.l. In spite of insufficient precipitation and temperature data, runoff was simulated with an ac...

[1] The ability of general circulation models (GCMs) to reproduce the observed strong correlations of Eurasian snow extent in the fall to wave activity and Northern Annular Mode anomalies in the following winter is studied. The observed correlations have been hypothesized to involve two parts: a Rossby wave pulse generated in the troposphere in response to snow-forced surface cooling and a coup...

In cold-limited arctic environments, the duration and timing of the snow cover and the vegetation green season have major ecological implications. I monitored the phenology of snow cover and greenness using MODIS Terra satellite data for the years 2000 to 2016 in the 5 National Parks of northern Alaska, USA. Mann-Kendall trend tests showed that the end of the continuous snow season and midpoint...

Snow-cover information is important for a wide variety of scientific studies, water supply and management applications. The NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provides improved capabilities to observe snow cover from space and has been successfully using a normalized difference snow index (NDSI), along with threshold tests, to provide global,...

The Snow and Ice Research Center (SIRC) of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention (NIED) of Japan has been developing a snow disaster forecasting system. This system consists of an atmospheric mesoscale model NHM, the numerical snow cover model SNOWPACK, and three diagnostic models of snow disasters. In this paper, the performance of NHM and SNOWPACK is invest...

One of the most visible and widely felt impacts of climate warming is the change (mostly loss) of low-elevation snow cover in the midlatitudes. Snow cover that accumulates at temperatures close to the ice-water phase transition is at greater risk to climate warming than cold climate snowpacks because it affects both precipitation phase and ablation rates. This study maps areas in the Pacific No...

Climate change is occurring more rapidly in the Arctic than other places in the world, which is likely to alter the distribution and abundance of migratory birds breeding there. A warming climate can provide benefits to birds by decreasing spring snow cover, but increases in the frequency of summer rainstorms, another product of climate change, may reduce foraging opportunities for insectivorou...

There are tremendous aspects of water resources in Lebanon where the surface water sources are the most exploited. However, snow is still the major water aspect that plays a role in feeding groundwater, springs and rivers. This water resource has been ignored since long-time and it was considered only for tourism. Nevertheless, the recently existed challenges on water supply in the region, nota...