Soft computing is the state-of-the-art approach to artificial intelligence and it has showed an excellent performance in solving the combined optimization problems. In this paper, issues related to the implementation of the soft computing techniques are highlighted for a successful application to solve economic dispatch (ED) problem, which is a constrained optimization problem in power systems....

Tunnel construction is a complex technology, with huge number of effective parameters, which cannot be accurately analyzed/designed using empirical or theoretical methods. With the rapid development computer technologies, Soft Computing (SC) approaches have been widely used in tunnel construction. Typically, two common tunneling methods, blasting and mechanical excavation ( e.g ., boring machin...