BGP is the de-facto inter-domain routing protocol and it is essential to understand how well BGP performs in the Internet. As a step toward this understanding, this paper studies the routing performance of a sample set of prefixes owned by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). We examine how reliably the sample set is connected to the Internet and how it affects the rest of the Internet. We sho...

The full Internet feed, reaching ~867K prefixes as of March 2021, has been growing at ?50K prefixes/year over the last 10 years. To counterbalance this sustained increase, Autonomous Systems (ASes) may filter prefixes, perform prefix aggregation and use default routes. Despite being effective, such workarounds result in routing inconsistencies, i.e., routers along a forwarding route mapping sam...

Many IP forwarding engines have used TCAM(Ternary Content Addressable Memory) for IP address lookup. While TCAM has the advantage of parallel lookup in a single step, it has a difficulty in updating a prefix table. TCAM requires the prefix table to be ordered for the longest prefix matching, so each update may incur several memory movements to maintain the ordering. For the fast updating of the...

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) populates Internet backbone routers with routes or prefixes. We present an algorithm to locally compute (without any modification to BGP) equivalent forwarding tables that provably contain the minimal number of prefixes. For large backbone routers, the Optimal Routing Table Constructor (ORTC) algorithm that we present produces routing tables with roughly 60% of...

Büchi automata are used to recognize languages of infinite words. Such languages have been introduced to describe the behavior of real time systems or infinite games. The question of inferring them from infinite examples has already been studied, but it may seem more reasonable to believe that the data from which we want to learn is a set of finite words, namely the prefixes of accepted or reje...

Although a number of attempts have been made to develop a stemming formalism for the Arabic language, most of these attempts have focused merely on the lexical structure of words as modeled by the Arabic grammatical and morphological lexical rules. This paper discusses the merits of light stemming for Arabic data and presents a simple light stemming strategy that has been developed on the basis...

Previous studies [2], [4], [7], [8] have shown there is a small set of popular prefixes. These prefixes carry a high volume of traffic, experience few BGP route changes, and have other desirable characteristics. However, these popular prefixes constitute only a tiny fraction of the BGP routing table and the behavior of the remaining prefixes has received considerably less attention. For example...

BACKGROUND Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme of the pentose monophosphate pathway, and its deficiency is the most common inherited enzymopathy worldwide. G6PD deficiency is common among Iraqis, including those of the Kurdish ethnic group, however no study of significance has ever addressed the molecular basis of this disorder in this population. The aim of this study is t...

For increased speed in developing gigaword language resources for medium resource density languages we integrated several FOSS tools in the HUN* toolkit. While the speed and efficiency of the resulting pipeline has surpassed our expectations, our experience in developing LDC-style resource packages for Uzbek and Kurdish makes clear that neither the data collection nor the subsequent processing ...