Temporal sound cues are essential for sound recognition, pitch, rhythm, and timbre perception, yet how auditory neurons encode such cues is subject of ongoing debate. Rate coding theories propose that temporal sound features are represented by rate tuned modulation filters. However, overwhelming evidence also suggests that precise spike timing is an essential attribute of the neural code. Here ...

Steganography is the ability to hide secret information in a cover-media such as sound, pictures and text. A new approach is proposed to hide a secret into Arabic text cover media using "Kashida", an Arabic extension character. The proposed approach is an attempt to maximize the use of "Kashida" to hide more information in Arabic text cover-media. To approach this, some algorithms have been des...

The funding proposed here will provide an apparatus for precisely displaying 3D sounds, advancing understanding of how humans use sound to locate sources and analyze their environment, and exploring how audition affects and is affected by vision. Specifically the proposed research aims to answer the complementary questions • What information is used to locate the source of a sound within a list...

Distance to a sound source can be accurately estimated solely from auditory information. With a sound source such as a train that is passing by at a relatively large distance, the most important auditory information for the listener for estimating its distance consists of the intensity of the sound, spectral changes in the sound caused by air absorption, and the motion-induced rate of change of...

This thesis provides a framework for integrating non-speech sound into humancomputer interfaces. Previously there was no structured way of doing this, it was done in an ad hoc manner by individual designers. This led to ineffective uses of sound. In order to add sounds to improve usability two questions must be answered: What sounds should be used and where is it best to use them? With these an...

The work presented in this article studies how the context information can be used in the automatic sound event detection process, and how the detection system can benefit from such information. Humans are using context information to make more accurate predictions about the sound events and ruling out unlikely events given the context. We propose a similar utilization of context information in...

With ever increasing amounts of visual information to take in when interacting with computers, users can become overloaded. One reason is that computers communicate solely by graphical output. This paper suggests the use of non-speech sound output to enhance the graphical display of information can overcome overload. The question is how to integrate the display of sound and graphics to capitali...

Auditory system detects sound signals and uses the temporal-frequency information of the sound signals to conduct sound identification, sound localization, and sound source separation. Thanks to the past studies, we know that the hair cells at cochlea show frequency-dependent responses against input sound signals. But, little is known about how the sound information is conducted to and processe...