early bronze age (eba) in the middle east is considered to be the dawn of civilization, spread of writing, and proto-urbanism; and mesopotamia was the center of these historical events. cultural material remains at the beginning of this period in this vast area – including western iran, caucasus (also beyond), anatolia, levant and northern mesopotamia – have wonderful similarities in spite of d...

A few thousand years ago, ancient Mesopotamia became the first civilization that engineered water infrastructure to drive native agricultural systems. That created earliest irrigation systems known humankind. The Mesopotamians also won success in creating successful irrigation-driven agriculture arid and semi-arid conditions. Paradoxically, this very with a major factor triggered collapse of Me...

While performing a faunistic study on the superfamily Raphignathoidea of northwestern Iran, north parts east Azerbaijan and southwest west provinces during 2016-2018, total number 40 species in 13 genera belonging to were collected identified. Among them, four species: Stigmaeus luxtoni Wood, 1981; Ledermuelleriopsis sezeki Doğan, 2004; Eustigmaeus gulingensis Hu Chen, 1996 Molothrognathus kami...

Iran is known as the most complex and varied country in southwest Asia, in terms of geography, vegetation, climate and consequently biological diversity. The rather high number of recorded endemic species of Fulgoromorpha in Iran indicates a high potential for speciation in some areas. In this study, in order to identify the endemic zones for Fulgoromorpha of Iran, three main biogeographic regi...

Many medical and therapeutic cuneiform texts have been recovered from sites in ancient Mesopotamia, but no specifically surgical text has yet been found. Although it is possible that surgical texts may be found in the future, it is rather unlikely. Their absence cannot be taken as proof that the ancient Mesopotamians did not practise surgery; it is probable that surgical techniques were handed ...

scorpion sting is a common important health problem in south-west of iran. the present descriptive retrospective study was conducted to make new information on scorpionism in the lordegan county(2002- 2006). data collected in this study revealed that the highest incidence of scorpion sting cases was taken place in spring (49.72%) in 2006. the scorpions which have brought by the pateints to t...