Crop growth models are essentially site-based, and use of such models for assessing regional productivity of crops requires methods for aggregating over space. Different method for aggregating simulated county and national crop yields for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Denmark were tested using a crop simulation model (CLIMCROP), which was run with and without irrigation for a range of ...

Several recent efforts have focused on adding exploratory data analysis functionality to geographic information systems (GIS) by integrating established statistical software with a GIS. In this paper, we outline an alternative approach, where the functionality is built from scratch, using a combination of small libraries of dedicated functions, rather than relying on the full scope of existing ...

Italy is a case study in lowest-low fertility. Its internal heterogeneity is substantial, and changing over time. While historically fertility was higher in the South, in recent years differentials have reversed. In this paper we adopt a macro-level perspective to investigate the convergence of regional fertility in Italy over the period 1952–2009. Then, we estimate a series of spatial panel re...

Spatial autocorrelation (SAC), defined as the positive association between sample similarity and spatial proximity, is pervasive in ecological data. Several methods exist for the incorporation of SAC into statistical models, but not until recently have these methods been applied to species distribution data. When incorporated into species distribution models, SAC has been found to significantly...

This paper focuses on propagation of location errors in spatial data analysis. Specifically, it investigates how location errors impacts local spatial autocorrelation indices that often are used to identify spatial clusters. Results of a simulation experiment using heavy metal soil sample points in Syracuse, NY, are summarized. In the simulation experiment, artificial location errors were intro...

Spatial interaction models are frequently used to predict and explain interregional commodity flows. Studies suggest that the effects of spatial structure significantly influence spatial interaction models, often resulting in model misspecification. Competing destinations and intervening opportunities have been used to mitigate this issue. Some recent studies also show that the effects of spati...

Lichens associated with old forest are commonly assumed to be negatively affected by tree logging or natural disturbances. However, in this study performed in a spruce-dominated sylvopastoral landscape in the Swiss Jura Mountains, we found that genetic diversity of the epiphytic old-forest lichen Lobaria pulmonaria depends on the type of disturbance. We collected 923 thalli from 41 sampling plo...

BACKGROUND Ratios of age-adjusted rates between a set of geographic units and the overall area are of interest to the general public and to policy stakeholders. These ratios are correlated due to two reasons-the first being that each region is a component of the overall area and hence there is an overlap between them; and the second is that there is spatial autocorrelation between the regions. ...