Background: The genetic variants identified by three large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of educational attainment were used to test a polygenic selection model. ethods: Average frequencies of alleles with positive effect (polygenic scores or PS) were compared across populations (N=26) using data from 1000 Genomes. A null model was created using frequencies of random SNPs. Results: Pol...

Automatically segmenting organs in monocular laparoscopic images is an important and challenging research objective in computerassisted intervention. For the uterus this is difficult because of high interpatient variability in tissue appearance and low-contrast boundaries with the surrounding peritoneum. We present a framework to segment the uterus which is completely automatic, requires only a...

Extreme environmental phenomena such as major precipitation events manifestly exhibit spatial dependence. Max-stable processes are a class of asymptotically-justified models that are capable of representing spatial dependence among extreme values. While these models satisfy modeling requirements, they are limited in their utility because their corresponding joint likelihoods are unknown for mor...

Real-world road networks have an approximate scale-invariance property; can one devise mathematical models of random networks whose distributions are exactly invariant under Euclidean scaling? This requires working in the continuum plane. We introduce an axiomatization of a class of processes we call scale-invariant random spatial networks, whose primitives are routes between each pair of point...

Extreme environmental phenomena such as major precipitation events manifestly exhibit spatial dependence. Max-stable processes are a class of asymptotically-justified models that are capable of representing spatial dependence among extreme values. While these models satisfy modeling requirements, they are limited in their utility because their corresponding joint likelihoods are unknown for mor...

We extend certain exponential decay results of subcritical percolation to a class of locally dependent random graphs, introduced by Kuulasmaa as models for spatial epidemics on Z d. In these models, infected individuals eventually die (are removed) and are not replaced. We combine these results with certain continuity and re-scaling arguments in order to improve our knowledge of the phase diagr...

24 Although intermixing different motor learning tasks via random schedules enhances long-term 25 retention compared to “blocked” schedules, the mechanism underlying this contextual interference effect 26 has been unclear. Furthermore, previous studies have reported inconclusive results in individuals post27 stroke. 28 29 We instructed participants to learn to produce three grip force patterns ...

Much attention has been given to sampling design, and the sampling method chosen directly affects the sampling accuracy. The development of spatial sampling theory has lead to the recognition of the importance of taking spatial dependency into account when sampling. This text uses the new Sandwich Spatial Sampling and Inference (SSSI) software as a tool to compare the relative error, coefficien...

We evaluated the effect of +3.25 dioptres of optical blur on the discrimination of motion direction in random dot cinematograms. Dot displacement between frames varied from 2.1 to 63' of visual angle while the temporal interval was held constant. Optical blur worsened discrimination in three normal subjects at displacements below 16', but improved discrimination at displacements of 21' or more....