Task-based language learning has been proved to be effective on improving learners’ skills, especially speaking skills; however, studies of this approach English as a foreign (EFL) students at centers in Can Tho city, Vietnam, are still limited. lessons developed several course books used by those centers, but students’ skills observed far from satisfactory. This research was carried out so inv...

Tracheostomy speaking valves consist of a one-way valve that closes upon exhalation, causing a redirection of exhaled gas into the upper airway, thus allowing for the primary benefit of speech. The present study was undertaken to test various hypotheses concerning the secondary benefits of speaking valves. We hypothesized that use of a speaking valve will result in a decrease in accumulated sec...

In experimental research, a pretest–posttest design is often used to examine the effect of treatment or intervention. Establishing equivalency across tests essential for this type research ensure validity study results. However, studies that explore test/task are scarce in second language research. This investigates seven picture-based narrative tasks such as those commonly and tests. The oral ...

This study focused on the effect of transcribing task, as a noticing activity, on EFL learners’ grammatical accuracy. For 20 sessions, oral discussion tasks were assigned to 2 intermediate adult EFL classrooms, with 1 class serving as the control group and the other as the experimental group. For this purpose, the learners were divided into groups of 3 or 4 in each class. Learners in both group...

The purpose of the present study is to compare the ASR performance when Swedish people speaking Swedish and English under time-stress and due-task performance. Fifteen university students (20 to 40 years of age, native Swedish language speaking) participated in the experiment. Three factors were studied: time-stress, which was manipulated by PWSP program. Two models of presenting the commands, ...

We have seen that the accuracy of methods for computing integrals or derivatives of a function f(x) depends on the spacing between points at which f is evaluated, and that the approximation tends to the exact value as this spacing tends to 0. Suppose that a uniform spacing h is used. We denote by F (h) the approximation computed using the spacing h, from which it follows that the exact value is...