Public speaking performances are not only characterized by the presentation of the content, but also by the presenters’ nonverbal behavior, such as gestures, tone of voice, vocal variety, and facial expressions. Within this work, we seek to identify automatic nonverbal behavior descriptors that correlate with expert-assessments of behaviors characteristic of good and bad public speaking perform...

The testing effect is the finding that retrieval practice can enhance recall on future tests. One unanswered question is whether first-test response mode (writing or speaking the answer) affects final-test performance (and whether final-test response mode itself matters). An additional unsettled issue is whether written and oral recall lead to differences in the amount recalled. In three experi...

this research study employed a mixed-methods approach to investigate the test takers’ perceptions and anx- iety in relation to an english language proficiency test called community english program (cep). this study also evaluated the direct and semi-direct modes for speaking module of this test. to this end, 300 eng- lish as foreign language (efl) students were recruited in the study as test ta...